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2 nd & 3 th N.U.T.S. Workshops Gulu University Naples FEDERICO II University

2 nd & 3 th N.U.T.S. Workshops Gulu University Naples FEDERICO II University. 0 - Overview. N.U.T.S. Workshops ??. Portfolio ?. PORTFOLIO in EDUCATION. What a portfolio is? A portfolio is a purposeful collection of student work that tells a story of a student's efforts and achievements.

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2 nd & 3 th N.U.T.S. Workshops Gulu University Naples FEDERICO II University

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  1. 2nd & 3th N.U.T.S. WorkshopsGulu UniversityNaples FEDERICO II University 0 - Overview

  2. 2nd & 3th NUTS Workshop ( Jan 2010) N.U.T.S. Workshops ??

  3. 2nd & 3th NUTS Workshop ( Jan 2010) Portfolio ?

  4. 2nd & 3th NUTS Workshop ( Jan 2010) PORTFOLIO in EDUCATION • What a portfolio is? • A portfolio is a purposeful collection of student work that tells a story of a student's efforts and achievements. • It must include: • student participation in the selection of portfolio content • criteria for selection • criteria for judging merit • evidence of student self-reflection (Judith Arter in 1990)

  5. 2nd & 3th NUTS Workshop ( Jan 2010) Questions that help building a Portfolio • At the end of a learning activity, focus on answering: • what have I learned? • how relevant is for me what has just been transmitted ? • what are my difficulties in understanding this topic? • what are my problems in doing this activity? • what are my reactions to this approach? • which questions would I like to ask about this topic? • what deepening would I like about this topic? • ……

  6. 2nd & 3th NUTS Workshop ( Jan 2010) What is relevant in a Portfolio • Documents given to you • Any type of your comments • Synthetic notes about the done activities (NOT transcriptions) • Other related materials you think are correct and can be useful in class • Materials you think are incorrect and should be avoided • Format is NOT important, informal notes are OK

  7. 2nd & 3th NUTS Workshop ( Jan 2010) Other Suggestions for Portfolio • Synthetic notes about what has been communicated with links with previous knowledge and experiences • Questions and possible answers • Notes about what has been requested as study of textbooks, documents… When such reading/study is requested previously the class or lab activity, it is useful to include also difficulties (if any) in understanding the phrasing of such materials • Questionnaires, exercises, problems, tasks, … done during the class or lab activity or requested for homework

  8. 2nd & 3th NUTS Workshop ( Jan 2010) Credits for Slides • Many slides (mainly of the first 3 lectures) are coming from http://www.colorado.edu/physics/phys1230/phys1230_fa09/LectureNotes.htm (University of Colorado, Light & Color: Physics 1230, Fall 2009, Prof. Ivan I. Smalyukh) • Part of the slides on waves are coming from http://physics.ucsd.edu/students/courses/summer2007/session2/managed/physics2c/lecturenotes.html (University of California San Diego, Physics 2C - Fluids, Waves, Thermodynamics, Optics, Prof. Charles Hick) • A couple of (modified) slide of lecture #8, are coming from “Lezioni di Ottica per le scuole medie”, dr. Francesca Menchini, ENEA-Casaccia (Italy)

  9. 2nd & 3th NUTS Workshop ( Jan 2010) How We See Vision happens when light enters our aye • Without a source of light, there can be no vision at all; • Light is invisible unless it enters directly into our eye or is scattered by smoke, fog or some object into our eye!

  10. 2nd & 3th NUTS Workshop ( Jan 2010) Image? Image: a reproduction or imitation of the form of a person or thing; the optical counterpart of an object produced by an optical device (as a lens or mirror) or an electronic device.(Webster dict.) Optical Device A real image is formed on a screen when some beams from each point on the object reach the corresponding points on the screen and no other beams from other points on the object reach those points

  11. 2nd & 3th NUTS Workshop ( Jan 2010) Reflected and Refracted Rays (?) Refraction and Refraction are ways to bend light beams! • Ray (beam)  is the incident ray • Ray (beam)  is the reflected ray • Ray (beam)  is refracted into the lucite • Ray (beam)  is internally reflected in the lucite • Ray (beam)  is refracted as it enters the air from the lucite

  12. 2nd & 3th NUTS Workshop ( Jan 2010) xI f xO Imaging by a Lens • Three principal beams (rays) can help you to locate the image: • A beam parallel to the lens’ axis on the front side passes through the focal point on the back side. • A beam passing through the lens’ center does not get refracted. • A beam passing through the focal point on the front side emerges parallel to the lens’ axis on the back side.

  13. 2nd & 3th NUTS Workshop ( Jan 2010) wavelength and frequency are connected as: Electromagnetic Waves Electromagnetic waves propagate along a direction perpendicular to electric and magnetic field, with a speed c=3x108 m/s in the vacuum 4- Waves 13

  14. 2nd & 3th NUTS Workshop ( Jan 2010) increasing frequency increasing wavelength Electromagnetic Spectrum 4- Waves 14

  15. 2nd & 3th NUTS Workshop ( Jan 2010) Diffraction and Huygens principle 5- Diffraction 15

  16. 2nd & 3th NUTS Workshop ( Jan 2010) Soap Bubbles … and Oil Spot What is producing so nice colours ? 16 6- Interference

  17. 2nd & 3th NUTS Workshop ( Jan 2010) Skylight is polarized if the Sun is to your side. Multiple scattering yields some light of the other polarization. In clouds, much multiple scattering occurs, and light there is unpolarized. Right-angle scattering is polarized This polarizer transmits horizontal polarization (of which there is very little). Polarizer transmitting vertical polarization Polarized Skylight 17 9- Polarization

  18. 2nd & 3th NUTS Workshop ( Jan 2010) Laser Safety -1 Eye Cross Section Visible and near infrared optical radiation is focused onto, and absorbed by the retina. Exposure to high intensity light from a source of optical radiation will cause instantaneous damage to the retina because the light source will be focused onto a small number of cells. The damage will be permanent, because retinal cells do not regenerate!

  19. 2nd & 3th NUTS Workshop ( Jan 2010) Laser Safety -2 The Danger of Laser Light Looking directly into the beam of a low power (1 mW) visible laser can cause considerably more retinal damage than looking directly at the sun!! With a laser, the optical energy is contained in a very narrow beam that does not spread out much. Even at relatively large distances, the laser beam spot can still be very small and, thus, the optical energy entering the eye can still be very high. The almost parallel laser light is focused to a very sharp point on the retina. This means that most of the energy emitted by the laser will be concentrated onto only a few cells on the retina causing maximum damage to those cells.

  20. 2nd & 3th NUTS Workshop ( Jan 2010) Laser Safety -3 Minimizing the Danger Terminate the beam at the end of its useful path (i.e., non-reflective beam stop). Avoid specular reflection from polished or shiny surfaces. Never look directly into the laser beam. Avoid darkened rooms. Do not set up your laser beam in a darkened room, as your pupils will enlarge and therefore potentially will let more of the laser beam energy onto the retina.

  21. 2nd & 3th NUTS Workshop ( Jan 2010) Laser Safety -4 Do not play with Laser The batteries … will be very soon exhausted !

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