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Chapter 5: Tissue Types

Chapter 5: Tissue Types. Plant Structure and Life Span. Root vs. Shoot System F 3 Form Follows Function Different Environments Different adaptations. Plant Structure and Life Span. Herbaceous Plants No wood above ground Annuals i.e. corn, geraniums, marigolds

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Chapter 5: Tissue Types

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  1. Chapter 5: Tissue Types

  2. Plant Structure and Life Span • Root vs. Shoot System • F3 Form Follows Function • Different Environments • Different adaptations

  3. Plant Structure and Life Span • Herbaceous Plants • No wood above ground • Annuals i.e. corn, geraniums, marigolds • Bienniels i.e. carrots, cabbage

  4. Plant Structure and Life Span • Woody Plants • Produce woody shoot system • All are perennials • Some herbaceous also perennials • Differences in shoot vs. root system

  5. Cells and Tissues (table 5-2) • Ground Tissue • What is tissue? • Simple • Complex • Primary and secondary cell walls

  6. Cell and Tissue Types • Ground Tissue/Parenchyma Cells • Most common type of herbaceous cell • Storage • Photosynthesis • Secretion • Ability to differentiate

  7. Cells and Tissues • Ground Tissue: Collenchyma • Unevenly thickened primary cell walls • Elongated • Act as support tissue (celery)

  8. Cells and Tissues • Ground Tissue: Sclerenchyma • Primary and secondary cell walls • Scleroids • Variable in shape • Act as support • Pears • Fibers • Long and tapered • Clumped • Wood, bark, plant veins

  9. Cells and Tissues • Vascular Tissue: Xylem • Transports water and minerals • Tracheids = chief water conducting cells in gymnosperms and below • Passes through pits • Vessel Elements = flowering plants (angiosperms) • Perforations at end with pits in side walls

  10. Cells and Tissues • Vascular tissue • Phloem • Moves food materials from photosynthesis • 4 types • Sieve-tube elements = conduct food materials in solution • Companion Cells = cell that assists sieve-tube • Phloem Fibers • Phloem Parenchyma Cells

  11. Cells and Tissues • Dermal Tissue • Epidermis • Outermost layer of herbaceous plants • Stomata • Guard Cells • Trichomes • Periderm • Replaces epidermis in woody plants • Made of cork/cork parenchyma cells

  12. Plant Meristems • Function in cell growth (only part of the plant that grows) • Division • Elongation • Differentiation • Primary and secondary growth • Secondary = Primarily gymnosperms and woody dicots • Meristematic cells do not differentiate

  13. Plant Meristems • Primary Growth takes place at the apical meristem • Tip of roots and shoots • Protected by root cap • Small and boxy • Area of division Encyclopedia Britannica

  14. Plant Meristems • Primary Meristems • Area of cell elongation • Some differentiation • 3 types of meristems • Protoderm • Procambrium • Ground Meristem

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