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Explore the comprehensive concept of operations for the CINEMA project, leveraging UCB/SSL's rich heritage in spacecraft operations. Discover the mission's orbit, communications options, ground systems requirements, and ongoing work, with a focus on student involvement in operations. Uncover the flight operations history at UC Berkeley's Space Sciences Laboratory and the communications technologies in use. Learn about telemetry and command data formats, spectrum licensing, and the ground system requirements, essential for smooth mission operations. Dive into the details of on-orbit operations, making use of years of experience and lessons learned to ensure mission success.
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CINEMA Operations Manfred Bester
Outline • Outline • CINEMA Concept of Operations • Operations Heritage at UCB/SSL • Communications Options • Ground Systems Requirements • Ongoing Work • Student Involvement in Operations
CINEMA Concept of Operations • CINEMA Concept of Operations • Mission Orbit • Spin-stabilized spacecraft • Baseline orbit 650 km circular at 72° inclination • Pass Coverage • Typically 4 passes/day with 30 min access time • Tracking via TLEs downloaded from USSTRATCOM • Data Recovery • Store-and-forward scheme, downlink at 1 Mbps • Recoverable science data volume 760 Mbits/day • Ground Segment • MOC and ground station located at UCB/SSL • Look into using heritage control system (ITOS)
Operations History at UCB/SSL CHIPS 2003-2008 RHESSI Since 2002 FAST 1996-2009 Flight Operations History at UC Berkeley’s Space Sciences Laboratory THEMIS Since 2007 NuSTAR Launch 2011 EUVE 1992-2001
Multi-mission Operations Center at UCB/SSL • CINEMA can leverage strong heritage of an existing multi-mission MOC • Many internal MOC systems and interfaces required for CINEMA are functional already • High degree of systems automation is employed for reliable lights-out operations • New interfaces required for CINEMA depending upon telecommunications trades • All operational interfaces are carefully exercised during pre-launch testing Flight control consoles at the multi-mission MOC
Communications Options • Communications Options • Telecom Trades • Frequency band selection • Flight transceivers • Flight antennas • Flight software • Ground hardware & software • Ground Stations • BGS 11m • Others • Link Budgets • NASA style S-band links and WiFi S-band links • Spectrum Licensing • Government, commercial or amateur radio
Telemetry & Command Data Formats • Telemetry & Command Data Formats • CCSDS Standard • Packet layer • Transfer frame layer • Coding layer with Reed Solomon error correction • UCB has in-house heritage • Various tools in place to process data • AX.25 Standard • Useful for low rate house keeping and command data transfer • May be alternative for UHF/VHF links • Can be implemented at the MOC
S-band Communications Concept CINEMA Science TLM S-band 2200-2300 MHz Engineering TLM/CMD S-band 2400-2450 MHz BGS 11m Antenna MOC at UCB/SSL
Multi-band Communications Concept CINEMA Science TLM S-band 2200-2300 MHz Engineering TLM/CMD UHF/VHF 440/145 MHz BGS 11m Antenna MOC at UCB/SSL
NASA Style S-Band Link • NASA Style S-Band Link • Transceiver options: SpaceQuest, Emhiser • Heritage: CHIPSAT, various others • Spectrum licensing: Need government license • Trades: Can use BGS “as is” • High link margin • Low risk SpaceQuest TX-2400 Transmitter
WiFi S-Band Link • WiFi S-Band Link • Transceiver options: MicroHard • Heritage: GENESAT • Spectrum licensing: Need amateur radio license • Trades: Reuse existing flight hardware • and software • Unknown impact of local WiFi • interference MicroHard MHX-2400 Transceiver
S-Band Prototype Antennas • First Prototype Model • Linear polarized patch antenna • Overall Dimensions 70.2 x 70.2 mm2 • Fabricated first antenna prototype at SSL • Need to optimize design further • Goal is circular polarized antenna • Test with BGS 11-m antenna in far field
Commercial S-Band Antennas • Spectrum Control • Provides patch antenna elements • Various frequency bands (900 MHz – 5.8 GHz) • Circular polarization
S-Band Flight Antennas • Flight Models • Circular polarized patches: • Need 4 • Typical gain pattern: • Hemispherical with taper • Performance goals • See table below
Ground Systems Requirements • Ground Systems Requirements • Mission Operations • Ground control system • Mission planning products • Sequence table generation • State-of-health monitoring • Spacecraft command and control • Ground station interfaces • Science Data Processing • Download of science data • Reformatting and archiving • Data distribution to science teams • Web based interfaces
Ongoing Work • Ongoing Work • Communications Design • Trades for selection of radios ongoing • S-band antenna prototyping ongoing • Need to address spectrum licensing • Ground Systems • Ground station options tied to selection of radios • Command & control systems • Look into CCSDS compatibility • Develop Detailed Operations Concept • Operations scenarios • Attitude control • Day-in-the-life planning
On-orbit Operations • On-orbit Operations • Make use of rich heritage and many years of experience • Take into account lessons learned • Adapt and simplify procedures from larger missions where appropriate • Perform detailed mission readiness testing to demonstrate all ground systems elements and interfaces are ready • Perform simulations for launch countdown and first/second day on orbit • Train students to successfully operate CINEMA under the guidance of professional flight controllers • Prepare students to work on larger and more complex missions in their future careers
