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Teamwork for Learning and Project Success

Teamwork for Learning and Project Success. Jim Borgford-Parnell Center for Engineering Learning and Teaching UW College of Engineering. People collaborating with others has benefits that can be exploited. Attack bigger problems in a short period of time Division of labor

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Teamwork for Learning and Project Success

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  1. Teamwork for Learning and Project Success Jim Borgford-Parnell Center for Engineering Learning and Teaching UW College of Engineering

  2. People collaborating with others has benefits that can be exploited • Attack bigger problems in a short period of time • Division of labor • Utilize the collective experience of everyone • Generate more ideas for solutions • That’s the way the real world works! • Industry values teaming skills

  3. Learning Outcomes for Individuals (From Research) • Better achievement and retention. • Better critical thinking and higher-level reasoning. • More differentiated views of others. • More accurate understanding of others' perspectives. • More liking for classmates and teacher. • More liking for subject areas. • Better teamwork skills. Source: Johnson, Johnson, and Smith. (1998).

  4. %<Gain> versus %<Pretest> scores on the conceptual Mechanics Diagnostic (MD) or Force Concept Inventory (FCI) tests for 62 courses enrolling a total N = 6542 students: 14 traditional (T) courses (n = 2084), which made little or no use of interactive engagement (IE) methods, and 48 IE courses (n = 4458), which made considerable use of IE methods. Slope lines for the average of the 14 T courses <<g>>14T = 0.23 ± 0.04 (SD) and the 48 IE courses <<g>>48IE = 0.48 ± 0.14 (SD) are shown. The negative-slope straight lines are lines of constant, normalized average gain <g>= <Gain>/maximum possible <Gain> = (<%post > – <%pre >) / (100 – <%pre> Source: Hake, R.R. (2007). Design-based Research in Physics Education.

  5. Learning Team Learning objective 1 Student B Learning objective 2 Student A Student C Student D Learning objective 4 Learning objective 3 Zone of Development

  6. Team Definition A team is a set of people with complementary skills who are committed to a common purpose, performance goals, and approach for which they hold themselves mutually accountable. Source: Katzenbach, J. R. and Smith, D.K. (1993).

  7. What affects team project success? • Presence of a shared mission and goals • Motivation and commitment of team members • Experience level • ... and presence of experienced members • Team size, organization, and open atmosphere • ... and results-driven structure • Reward structure within the team • … incentives, enjoyment, empowerment (ownership, autonomy) • Continual monitoring of progress and direction • ... and adjusting when necessary

  8. What affects successful group learning? • Individual Accountability • Positive Interdependence • A Challenging Task • Timely Feedback

  9. Teamwork for Learning and Project Success Successful Projects Successful Learning Individual Accountability Positive Interdependence A Challenging Task Timely Feedback • Presence of a shared mission and goals • Motivation and commitment of team members • Experience level • ... and presence of experienced members • Team size, organization, and results-driven structure • ... and open atmosphere • Reward structure within the team • … incentives, enjoyment, empowerment (ownership, autonomy) • Continual monitoring of progress and direction • ... and adjusting when necessary

  10. Which will you be, a group or a team?

  11. Teams can benefit from longer time-frames Longer time frames give time to: • Develop a good understanding of the team’s intellectual resources. • Work out differences of opinion and form common goals. • Build tolerance for honest communication. • Work on group processing tasks. • Learn how to work together effectively. • Accomplish complex and challenging tasks. • Become a team.

  12. Teamwork has potential problems... What are they?

  13. Social Loafing In certain circumstances a high percentage of group members prefer to let someone else work on their behalf.

  14. Forces that lead to social loafing: • Some individuals are naturally shy. • Some individuals dominate discussions. • Members may think they lack knowledge. • Members aren’t committed to team success. • Members don’t want to appear disagreeable. • The task isn’t perceived as complex enough to require more than 1 or 2 people to accomplish. Source: Karau & Williams. (1993).

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