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EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE

EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE. The Cambrian Explosion. Cambrian Explosion Evolution’s “big bang” lasted about 10 million years All principal animal phyla except Bryozoa appeared between 535 to 520 myBP. EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE. Continuing Diversification.

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EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE

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  1. EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE The Cambrian Explosion Cambrian Explosion Evolution’s “big bang” lasted about 10 million years All principal animal phyla except Bryozoa appeared between 535 to 520 myBP

  2. EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Continuing Diversification By the Ordovician, global biodiversity tripled Included trilobites, brachiopods, bivalve molluscs, gastropods and coralline animals Ordovician mountain building may have created new habitats The number of infaunal organisms increased

  3. EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Unicellular Organisms (Protistans) Foraminifera First appeared in the Cambrian Survive to present Platysolenites, a Cambrian foram Agglutinated form Calcareous skeleton

  4. EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Unicellular Organisms (Protistans) Radiolaria First appeared in the Cambrian, more abundant in mid-Paleozoic Survive to present Have a siliceous skeleton

  5. EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Archeocyathids (“ancient cup”) Early Cambrian phylum Have similarities to both corals and sponges Associated with stromatolites Reef-builders of Early to Middle Cambrian 60 m thick, 200 km long Extinct at end of Cambrian

  6. EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Archeocyathids (“ancient cup”)

  7. EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Phylum Porifera (sponges) Early Cambrian phylum Evolved from colonial flagellated, unicellular organisms Conservative evolutionary history All but one modern class of sponges were present in Cambrian Exist to present

  8. EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Phylum Porifera (sponges)

  9. EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Phylum Porifera (sponges) SPICULES Spicules – Composed of Calcium carbonate

  10. EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Phylum Porifera (sponges) SPICULES Spicules – Composed of Silica

  11. EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Phylum Porifera (sponges) SPICULES Spicules – Composed of Spongin

  12. EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Phylum Porifera (sponges) Cambrian Protospongia

  13. EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Phylum Porifera (sponges) Ordovician

  14. EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Phylum Porifera (sponges) Silurian Caryospongia Astylospongia

  15. EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Phylum Porifera (sponges) Silurian Palaeomanon

  16. EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Phylum Porifera (sponges) Silurian Astraeospongia Star-shaped spicules

  17. EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Stromatoporoids Calcareous sponges Geologic range: Ordovician to Present Built reefs in the Silurian (Michigan Basin) Found in Caribbean Sea, Mediterranean Sea and Pacific Ocean

  18. EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Stromatoporoids Side view Laminae and Pillar Structure

  19. EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Stromatoporoids Top view

  20. EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Cnidaria (Coelenterata or Corals) Includes Sea fans Jellyfish Anemones Corals Very diverse group Stinging cells – cnidocytes Radially symmetrical

  21. EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Cnidaria (Coelenterata or Corals) Fire coral Jellyfish Sea fans, gorgonian Modern corals Horn corals Tabulate corals

  22. EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Cnidaria (Coelenterata or Corals) Two forms: Polyps and Medusa Polyps – asexual Medusa - sexual

  23. EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Cnidaria (Coelenterata or Corals) Stinging cells Cnidocytes

  24. EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Cnidaria (Coelenterata or Corals) Stinging cells or Cnidocytes

  25. EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Rugosa (Rugose or Horn Corals) Ranged from Ordovician to Permian Not major reef formers, colonizers Usually solitary Abundant in Silurian and Devonian reefs

  26. EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Rugosa (Rugose or Horn Corals)

  27. EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Rugosa (Rugose or Horn Corals)

  28. EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Rugose growth

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