An Introduction to writing a Systematic review of literature - Scientific research support

1. WRITING AN INTRODUCTIONOF A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF LITERATURE - A QUICK REFERENCETABLE Tags: Systematic review, meta-analysis, systematic review ofliterature, writing a systematic review, statistical analysis, conducting a systematicreview. Copyright © 2019 pubrica. All rightsreserved Publication Support | Research Services | Physician Writing | Scientific Communication Solution | Editing&Peer-Reviewing

2. Introduction Systematic reviews are performed to synthesizing the evidence of multiple scientific investigations to answer a specific research question in a manner that is reproducible and transparent while seeking to includeall published evidence on the topic followed evaluating the quality of thisevidence.. Systematic review remainsamongthebestformsofevidenceandreducethebiasinherentinothermethods. Inthedisciplinesofpublicpolicyhealthandhealth sciences,thesystematicreviewshavebecomeamain methodology.. Publication Support | Research Services | Physician Writing | Scientific Communication Solution |Editing &Peer-Reviewing Copyright © 2019 pubrica. All rightsreserved

3. DIFFERENT TYPES OFA SYSTEMATICREVIEW Meta-analysis: A meta-analysis utilizes statistical methods to incorporate appraisals of impact from relevant studies that are independent yetcomparable and outlinethem. Quantitative: To combine the results of 2 or more studies by usingstatistical analysis is called quantitativeanalysis. Qualitative: The qualitative analysis generally defined as the results of therelevant studies are summarized but not combinedstatistically. PublicPaubtiloicnaStiuopn pSourptp|oRrte|seReasrceahrScherSveicrveisce| sP|hPyhsyicsiiacinanWWritriintigng| |SSccieiennttififiicc CCoommmmuunniiccaattioionnSSoolulutitoion n|E| dEidtiintging&P&ePeer-eRre-vRieevwiienwging Copyright © 2019 pubrica. All rightsreserved

4. KEY CHARACTERISTICS OF SYSTEMATICREVIEW Identification of researchquestion Inclusion & exclusioncriteria Rigorous & systematic search of theliterature Critical appraisal of includedstudies Data extraction andmanagement Analysis & interpretation of results Report forpublication Publication Support | Research Services | Physician Writing | Scientific Communication Solution | Editing&Peer-Reviewing Copyright © 2019 pubrica. All rightsreserved

5. STEPS TO BE FOLLOWEDBEFORE DRAFTING A SYSTEMATICREVIEW Identification of researchquestion The identification of the research question is significant before undertaking a systematic review of literature.For instance, for what reason is this survey essential? What question should bereplying?. There are a variety of frameworks/tools available for supporting this process such as SPIDER, PICOS/PICO, SPICE and PEO criteria. These kinds of frameworks help to break down the question into relevant subcomponents and map them to concepts, to derive a formalized searchcriterion. Inclusion & exclusioncriteria It is important to determine the eligibility criteria before starting the systematic review including methods, studydesign, set criteria for the topic and the methodological quality ofstudies. Guidelines for systematicreview The PRISMA guidelines are widely followed by researchers in writinga systematic review. The PRISMAguidelines guideresearchersonhowtowrite asystematicreviewandthatcomprisesaflowdiagramanda27-itemchecklist. A protocol of PRISMA guidelines including (1) Databases to be searched and additional sources (2)Keywords to be usedinthesearchstrategy(3)Limitsappliedtothesearch(4)Limitsappliedtothesearch(5)Screeningprocess (6)Datatobeextractedand(7)Summaryofdatatobereported. Contd... Copyright © 2019 pubrica. All rightsreserved Publication Support | Research Services | Physician Writing | Scientific Communication Solution | Editing&Peer-Reviewing

6. Some important web source for the article screening including PubMed (Biomedical and life sciences topic), Medline (Biomedical information and life sciences), Embase (Biomedical information), Web of Science (Multi discipline science), Biosis (Life sciences and biomedical topics), PsycINFO (Behavior and mental health), SCOPUS (Life sciences, social sciences, physical sciences and health science), CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), Cochrane Library (Database of systematic reviews), CENTRAL (The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) and OpenGrey (Greyliterature). Title and abstractscreening The title and abstract of the articles should be screened whether the title and abstractare relevantto thepresent research. Full textreview Theremainingarticlesscreenedinanabovementionedwayandtherelevantarticlesarereadintheir entiretexts. Dataextraction The essential data of the articles are extracted in a data extract sheet in a uniform and structured manner. The extraction sheets may differ based on the study’s purpose. Generally, the dataextraction sheet of containing the title of the article, study design, region, sample size, interventions and outcomes (Mueller et al,2017). Dataanalysis The screened studies results can be analyzed by separating thembased on the subthemes, themes often referred to as meta-synthesis (Siddaway et al,2019). Publication Support | Research Services | Physician Writing | Scientific Communication Solution |Editing &Peer-Reviewing Copyright © 2019 pubrica. All rightsreserved

7. STRUCTURE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEW Abstract Theabstractshouldcontainabriefbackground,theaimofthestudy,asummaryofmethodology,asummaryof the results, conclusion andkeywords. Introduction Thechaptercontainsabriefbackgroundaboutthepresentstudyfollowedbyanoverviewoftheaimand objectives of the studyundertaken. Methods Themethodologyshouldbecontainingafulljustificationandexplanationforthemanagingandsearchingsteps. Specifically, the justification contains a full explanation about inclusion/exclusion criteria, search string, searching strategy, limitations, how studies were screened, data extraction protocol, method of quality assessment and statisticalanalysis. Results The quantitative explanation and evidence must be given to the process of study exclusion/inclusion and summarizedinaspecificflowdiagram.Acharacteristicofstudysummaryshouldbeobtained,sumofallstudies, age range, mean/median and othercharacteristics. Copyright © 2019 pubrica. All rightsreserved Publication Support | Research Services | Physician Writing | Scientific Communication Solution | Editing&Peer-Reviewing

8. Discussion To discuss the present study with the light of relative research done in otherstudies. The main component of the discussion chapter should be focused on discussing and identifying the limitations of studies included in thereview. Conclusion The conclusion should be containing the summary of different aspects of the present study, the results generated as well as future scope of research andthe conclusions derived from the presentstudy. Publication Support | Research Services | Physician Writing | Scientific Communication Solution | Editing&Peer-Reviewing Copyright © 2019 pubrica. All rightsreserved

9. SUMMARY A systematic review of literature tends to be one of the most trusted sources of high-quality information for clinicaldecisions. Knowing the elements of a review will help practitioners evaluate their output moreeffectively. There are many formal structures that help organize and monitor evaluations, for which reproducibility isrecommended. Publication Support | Research Services | Physician Writing | Scientific Communication Solution | Editing&Peer-Reviewing Copyright © 2019 pubrica. All rightsreserved

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