Biostatistics is a critical subject in current health data research – Pubrica

1. BIOSTATISTICSISA CRITICALSUBJECTIN CURRENTHEALTH DATARESEARCH AnAcademicpresentationby Dr.NancyAgnes,Head,TechnicalOperations,Pubrica Group:www.pubrica.com Email:sales@pubrica.com

2. Today'sOutline Introduction Theproblem Necessarysteps The international situation andAustralia’s position Potentialsolutions AboutPubrica

3. Introduction The National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) of Australia spends over $800 million per year on medical and public health research, most of which is dependent on accurate data analysis and interpretation. We suggest that unless considerable attention is made to strengthening the essential scientific discipline of Bio Statistical Programming Services, the value of our health research investment, in terms of better health andlives saved, is endangered.

4. This danger is exacerbated by the development of research opportunities provided by the significant data age, which quickly increases the availability and scale of new data, needing a better grasp of statistical concerns and computationaltools. ConcernsaboutAustralia’sbiostatisticalunderpinningswereexpressedina statementreleasedbytheInternationalSocietyofBiostatistics.

6. THEPROBLEM In the presence of unpredictability and uncertainty, statistical reasoning offersthetheoreticalfoundationforextractinginformationfromdata. Most experimental research in public health and clinical care relies on biostatistical input on everything from study design to data analysis and reporting, with the best studies combining biostatistical information on everythingfromstudydesigntodataanalysisandrecording.

7. Clinical biostatistics programming service approachesare at the foundation of essential public health research disciplines, including epidemiology and health services research, a function that reflects the discipline’s basiccharacter. On the other hand, bioinformatics and computational biology are vital emerging areas in data-intensive biomedical researchthat are anchored by statistical principles and methodologies and components highly informed by other basic disciplines like computer science and mathematics.

8. “These issues [of poor study design, conduct, and analysis] are often related to misuse of statistical methods, which is exacerbated by inadequate training in methods,” according to a recent review of the scale of wasteand ineffectiveness in health research, echoing similar observationsmademorethantwodecadesearlier. Importantly, biostatistics, as a subdiscipline of clinical case report statistical service (perhaps the first “data science “5), is a recognized scientific discipline in its own right, rather than a collection of procedures thatmustbeappliedappropriately.

9. Not only does good biostatistical work include an understanding of mathematics, probability, and causes of bias, which underpin statistical theory and methodologies, but it also necessitates (and increasingly) substantialtechnologicalcapabilities,suchascomputers. To develop these abilities and the understanding required toconceptualize issues and traverse the difficult seas between real-world healthchallenges and complicated methodologies, in-depth training isessential. According to a recent analysis, most physicians struggle to complete such training. A superficial comprehension of statistics can readily lead to improper behaviour andbe criticized.

10. Necessarysteps Recognition of biostatistics as an academic field, essential to the intellectual architecture of the larger research enterprise, is required forthe development of biostatistics as a core subject within educational health and medicalresearch. This necessitates systems that support biostatistical work at all levels,from nonspecialistslikephysiciansthroughmaster’slevelbiostatisticsgraduates and doctorate students, postdoctoral researchers, and research leaders in biostatisticalmethods.

11. The requirement for academic effort across this spectrum is common in otherfieldsofscience,butitissometimesoverlookedinbiostatisticsdueto a propensity to treat the subject as merely a toolset of procedures rather than agrowing scientific discipline. • Medical Biostatistical Programming Servicecomprises a long process that includes mathematical derivations and conceptualizations, simulation studies, thorough case studies, and the translation of newly created methodologies for use byother researchers.

12. The development of marginal structural models, which enabled the appropriatehandling of time-dependent confounding in treatment decisions based on CD4 cell count levels that are themselves affected by treatment, was critical in the wave of research into antiretrovirals for the treatmentofhumanimmunodeficiencyvirusinfection. • The training of future biostatistical leaders must also include experience in methodologicalresearch.

13. THE INTERNATIONAL SITUATION ANDAUSTRALIA’S POSITION Other countries have recognized the critical role of biostatistics in health and medical research. Many major universities in the United States have biostatistics departments established in the 1970s thanks to financingfrom the National Institutes of Health for biostatistical research training programmes, with a call for a renewed effort to expand biostatistical training programmes in2006.

14. In a similar vein, the Medical Research Council in the United Kingdom has long supported a national centre in biostatistical methodology — the Medical Research Council’s Biostatistics Unit — and many methodology hubs whose core research agenda is the statistical methodology, which has been funded since2009. SimilartoEuropeandtheUnitedStates,Australiahasneverinvested systematicallyindevelopingbiostatistics,eitherinuniversitiesorindustry.

15. POTENTIALSOLUTIONS Inappropriately, there is no simple fix for the issues raised, but we feel the following initiatives are necessary to enhance and promote the biostatistics field inAustralia Universities and research institutes mustfoster the development of organizational structures with a critical mass of academic biostatisticians working in methodology and collaborating with health researchers, as well as trainingopportunitiesandcareerdevelopmentforbiostatisticians; Biostatistics Clinical trial Research Servicesand advanced training must keep pace with the dramatic changes in the data science landscape to ensure that graduateshavethenecessarybreadthofknowledge.

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