Meta Analysis Evaluation on the effect of Psychological Treatment - Scientific Research

1. NOV 13 , 2019 Research paper META-ANALYSIS EVALUATION ON THE EFFECTS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL TREATMENT Tags: Pubrica | Meta-Analysis Research | Epidemiological Study Design | Meta-Analysis Study | Meta Analysis Psychology | Meta Analysis Methodology Publication Support | Research Services | Physician Writing | Editing & Peer-Reviewing | Scientific Communication Solution Copyright © 2019 Pubrica. All rights reserved

2. HISTORY OF META-ANALYSIS Gene V Glass in 1976 illustrated the first use of meta-analysis, he ended the debate started 25 years ago by Eysenck. 01 “The effects of Psychotherapy An Evaluation" published in the Journal of Consulting Psychology. 02 Gene V Glass aggregated the findings of 475 psychotherapy outcome studies to prove Eysenck wrong. 03 Publication Support | Research Services | Physician Writing | Editing & Peer-Reviewing | Scientific Communication Solution Copyright © 2019 Pubrica. All rights reserved

3. META-ANALYSIS STUDY Meta-analysis study: Momentum as a stand-alone discipline with psychology practitioners straddling between statisticians and librarians. Problems like statistical, conceptual, and clinical which are inherent in deriving useful units of analysis or the effect sizes for meta-analysis are highlighted. Limitations of meta- analysis evaluation: Clarity in evaluating the effects of psychological treatment. 02 03 04 01 Statistical meta-analysis: Effects of psychological treatments in spite of some disadvantages. Behavioral therapies are predominantly more effective than many alternative forms and criticisms continue on methodologically poor studies in psychological treatments. Contd... Publication Support | Research Services | Physician Writing | Editing & Peer-Reviewing | Scientific Communication Solution Copyright © 2019 Pubrica. All rights reserved

4. It proved to the world that psychological treatments had a relatively huge positive effect on recovery. It confirmed that receiving psychological treatment for behavioral problems is hugely better than without treatment. 08 Meta-analysis research conducted by Gene Glass and his colleagues Smith and Miller. 06 07 05 No logical or empirical demonstration on the inadequacy of meta- analysis research. An effect size of 0.85 was found as the influence of the psychological treatments. Publication Support | Research Services | Physician Writing | Editing & Peer-Reviewing | Scientific Communication Solution Copyright © 2019 Pubrica. All rights reserved

5. META-ANALYSIS METHODOLOGY: Specific psychological treatments like CBT or Cognitive Therapy, couples & family therapy, and many others. Publication Support | Research Services | Physician Writing | Editing & Peer-Reviewing | Scientific Communication Solution Copyright © 2019 Pubrica. All rights reserved

6. REASONS FOR EFFECTIVE META-ANALYSIS IN THE EVALUATION OF PSYCHOLOGICAL TREATMENT Objective and accurate evaluation of the evidence. Effect size arrived by statistical Meta-analysis gives a crystal clear evidence of research. Identifies heterogeneity among meta analysis quantitative results. Appropriate summary measure of many research studies. Increases statistical power and precision. Excellent results to enhance policymakers' decisions. Summarizing and integrating vast and diverse literature. Applies systematic and quantitative methods. Reduces subjective bias. Overcomes personal and professional bias. Systematic execution in finding the appropriate evidence. Following certain criteria. Huge pool of results. Quantitative analysis. Vital trends to influence future research. Analyze differences of integrated results and summarizing them. Evaluate effects among diverse subsets of participants. Creates new hypotheses for inspiring future clinical studies. Eliminates the restrictions of small sample sizes. Establishes statistical significance. Reviews multiple studies across the same subject area of research. Increases the validity of any observed differences. Improves the reliability of the information. Includes greater statistical power. Extensive ability to extrapolate to the higher population with evidence. Develops, refines and test hypothesis. Reduces the subjectivity of study comparisons. Identifies knowledge gap in the literature review. Suggests direction for future psychological researches. Calculates the sample sizes of future studies. Publication Support | Research Services | Physician Writing | Editing & Peer-Reviewing | Scientific Communication Solution Copyright © 2019 Pubrica. All rights reserved

7. DISADVANTAGES OF META-ANALYSIS Difficult and time-consuming to identify all the appropriate. 01 Meta analysis quantitative: Comprehensive and compelling evidence for decades. 02 Requires complex statistical skills and techniques. 03 Analyses only published and searchable research information. 04 It fails on evaluating the effects on individuals as its main focus is solely on mean results and differences among various studies. 05 Publication Support | Research Services | Physician Writing | Editing & Peer-Reviewing | Scientific Communication Solution Copyright © 2019 Pubrica. All rights reserved

8. CONTROVERSIES CLOUDING META-ANALYSIS EVALUATION Meta-analysis is sure a fundamentally profound research tool for evaluating the effects of psychological treatment. Bias and misleading results due to even minor deviations from the specified protocol affects the evaluation . Much bias found even on peer-reviewed researches. But the controversy lies only on its procedures the researches use. Publication Support | Research Services | Physician Writing | Editing & Peer-Reviewing | Scientific Communication Solution Copyright © 2019 Pubrica. All rights reserved

9. TYPES OF BIAS What is right for the group should also be real for a sub-group or an individual leading to ecological fallacy. Unintentionally biased results occur during a search of studies and Inadequate keywords. Selection bias Publication bias 01 03 02 04 Search bias More chances of publication which results in publication bias. Aggregation bias Undefined criteria in selecting from the long list of potential previous studies. Publication Support | Research Services | Physician Writing | Editing & Peer-Reviewing | Scientific Communication Solution Copyright © 2019 Pubrica. All rights reserved

10. CONCLUSIONS Estimate the effect size through preliminary studies. 01 Assess the heterogeneity of the effect size evaluation of the mean effect size. 02 Inferior procedure adopted during meta- analysis creates confusion and restricts the use of meta-analysis. 03 Still, it is considered as the golden standard for all researches to be published in journals and read by the scientific community. 04 Publication Support | Research Services | Physician Writing | Editing & Peer-Reviewing | Scientific Communication Solution Copyright © 2019 Pubrica. All rights reserved

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