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Sky Energy

Explore the efficient capture of vapor-derived hydrogen and carbon dioxide adsorption coupled with methanation for sustainable energy storage. Discover how this innovative approach addresses the need for renewable energy storage.

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Sky Energy

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  1. Sky Energy Integration of Vapor-Derived Hydrogen Capture and Carbon Dioxide Adsorption with Methanation Natan Shahar | Livolt Ltd | natan@livolt.net | 050-648-8324

  2. Civilization Needs Sustainable Energy Zubrin, Robert. The Case for Space (p. 159). Prometheus Books. Kindle Edition. Natan Shahar | Livolt Ltd | natan@livolt.net | 050-648-8324

  3. Sustainable Energy Requires Storage Total German Wind Capacity [GW] Average German Wind Utilization [GW] Total German Wind Utilization [GW] https://notrickszone.com/2019/03/06/unreliable-power-source-adding-capacity-does-little-to-solve-germanys-green-energy-power-gaps/ Natan Shahar | Livolt Ltd | natan@livolt.net | 050-648-8324

  4. Energy Storage Most Go Beyond Batteries CH4 H2 Goede, A.P.H., “CO2-neutral fuels,” EPJ Web of Conferences, 98, p. 07002 (2015). Natan Shahar | Livolt Ltd | natan@livolt.net | 050-648-8324

  5. Methane Synthesis Generates Heat from Hydrogen and Carbon Dioxide 4H2 + CO2 → CH4  + 2H2O | ∆G(Reaction) = -3.7 kJ/g-CO2 ∆G(Activation) = 2.7 kJ/g-CO2 | ∆G(Net) = -1.0 kJ/g-CO2 Türks, D., H. Mena, U. Armbruster, and A. Martin, “Methanation of CO2 on Ni/Al2O3 in a Structured Fixed-Bed Reactor—A Scale-Up Study,” Catalysts 7, 2017, 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal7050152. https://exytron.online/ Natan Shahar | Livolt Ltd | natan@livolt.net | 050-648-8324

  6. Vapor-Derived Hydrogen is Efficient to Produce and Flexible to Deploy 15% Solar to Hydrogen Efficiency Achieved https://nieuws.kuleuven.be/en/content/2019/belgian-scientists-crack-the-code-for-affordable-eco-friendly-hydrogen-gas Rongé, J., S. Deng, S. PulinthanathuSree, et al., “Air-based photoelectrochemical cell capturing water molecules from ambient air for hydrogen production,” RSC advances, 4 (55), pp. 29286–29290 (2014). Natan Shahar | Livolt Ltd | natan@livolt.net | 050-648-8324

  7. Isolating Carbon Dioxide via Adsorption Requires Heat https://www.climeworks.com/ ∆G(Desorption of Carbon Dioxide) = 1.7 kJ/g-CO2 Yu, Q., and D.W.F. Brilman, “Design Strategy for CO2 Adsorption from Ambient Air Using a Supported Amine Based Sorbent in a Fixed Bed Reactor,” Energy Procedia, 114, pp. 6102–6114 (2017). Natan Shahar | Livolt Ltd | natan@livolt.net | 050-648-8324

  8. Scalable Methane Synthesis Relies on Efficient Utilization of the Heat of Reaction 4H2 + CO2 → CH4  + 2H2O ∆G(Reaction) = -3.7 kJ/g-CO2 ∆G(Activation) = 2.7 kJ/g-CO2 Türks, D., H. Mena, U. Armbruster, and A. Martin, “Methanation of CO2 on Ni/Al2O3 in a Structured Fixed-Bed Reactor—A Scale-Up Study,” Catalysts 7, 2017, 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal7050152. ∆G(Desorption of Carbon Dioxide) = 1.7 kJ/g-CO2 Yu, Q., and D.W.F. Brilman, “Design Strategy for CO2 Adsorption from Ambient Air Using a Supported Amine Based Sorbent in a Fixed Bed Reactor,” Energy Procedia, 114, pp. 6102–6114 (2017). ∆G(Net) = 2.7 + 1.7 – 3.7 = 0.7 kJ/g-CO2 => 60% less thermal heat required relative to existing practice Vapor-Derived Hydrogen => Zero Water Usage, Deployment Flexibility, and Driven by Sunlight Natan Shahar | Livolt Ltd | natan@livolt.net | 050-648-8324

  9. Synthetic Methane Can be Generated Anywhere from Multiple Sources Sunlight, Heat, and Electricity for Fans Terrestrial Atmosphere Combustion Exhaust Methane and Water Martian Atmosphere Natan Shahar | Livolt Ltd | natan@livolt.net | 050-648-8324

  10. Background / Questions? • Livolt Ltd is owned and operated by Natan Shahar, a licensed mechanical engineer with more than 10 years of experience in distributed energy project development and design. • Sky Energy is an energy storage research effort that evolved from discussions with the Judea and Samaria Chamber of Commerce in February 2019 in order to develop a pathway for renewable energy development in the region. Natan Shahar | Livolt Ltd | natan@livolt.net | 050-648-8324

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