Supermarket Technology Innovation and Implementation

1. Supermarket Technology Innovation and Implementation Steps by Morrisons towards Zero Carbon New Stores 1st April 2014 Sam Hunt – b:ssec

2. Contents • Introduction • Trials • Implementation

4. Context • Morrisons has 503 supermarkets and 102 convenience stores providing 14.2 million ft2 net retail space. • Morrisons Corporate Responsibility action is grouped into: • Friendly People (incl. training and employee benefits). • Making Great Food (incl. sourcing – all unprocessed pork, beef and chicken from the UK). • Affordable (incl. energy, carbon and waste). • For Everyone (incl. schools, communities and charities).

5. Targets & Achievements • In 2010 Morrisons committed to a 30% absolute reduction in carbon emissions by 2020. • The 2012 carbon footprint showed a 19% absolute reduction on 2005 and a 31% intensity reduction.

6. Trial Stores

7. Principles

8. b:ssec has worked with Morrisons since 2007 on low carbon design for new stores. b:ssec’s work falls into the following categories: Energy statements. BREEAM assessments. Due diligence. Monitoring. Strategy. Knowledge transfer. b:ssec’s Work

9. Non-domestic buildings must be zero carbon by 2019. Some supermarkets have already built zero carbon stores. There is significant debate about the definition of zero carbon (e.g. embodied carbon, biomass and biofuel, offsetting, and regulated vs unregulated emissions). Zero Carbon Stores The 2011 AECOM/DCLG report on Non-Domestic Buildings recommends a maximum 16% reduction on current regulated emissions for carbon compliance in supermarkets. However, this does leave a high (>£100k) Allowable Solutions Cost. Image from Zero Carbon Hub.

11. LED Lighting • Morrisons implemented the first all LED supermarket in Europe in 2011 at Stanground. • Energy savings were achieved by: • The higher efficiency of the fittings. • Configuration changes including running linear fittings parallel to aisles. • Operational cost savings were provided by reduced maintenance costs (due to longer fitting life) as well as the energy reduction.

12. Heat recovery has been trialled in a number of forms. Morrisons has widely used the Heat Harvester system to pre-heat domestic hot water using high grade waste heat from low temperature refrigeration. Various configurations of heat pump system are being trialled to use waste heat from refrigeration for space heating. Heat Recovery

13. The first major Morrisons solar PV installation was at its Bridgwater Distribution Centre in 2011 – 500 kWp, now expanded to 1.5 MWp. The Swindon Dorcan Way eco-store has maximised solar PV coverage. Maximum coverage of new store roofs (excluding rooflights etc.) provides a 5-10% saving in annual electricity demand. Monitoring of retrofitted and new build solar PV systems has shown they provide a low risk, predictable carbon saving. Solar Photovoltaics

14. Natural Refrigerants– substitution of HFCs has a major carbon saving impact. Pumped CO2 system, ammonia and transcritical CO2 systems are in trial. Solar Wall – a façade-based solar air heating system has been used in two stores. Rainwater Harvesting – has been trialled for WC flushing (e.g. Stanground) and for evaporative chillers (Bridgwater DC). Other Technologies

15. Image from Davis Weatherill

16. Roll-out

17. Innovation by Morrisons is being driven by the company’s ambitious carbon reduction target. Implementation is being guided by trials to demonstrate technical and financial robustness. Building Regulations cover 30-40% of a typical supermarket’s carbon emissions and are dependent on standardised predictions (e.g. in SBEM) so they are limited in their impact. However, if Zero Carbon is defined as currently proposed, supermarkets should look to minimise Allowable Solutions payments so that investment goes into their own estates. Summary