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I want you to warn Peter.

I want you to warn Peter. I want you to warm Peter. George banged the drum as he marched through the town. (George bang the drum as he march through the town.). Assimilation and Omission. Assimilation: where a sound is influenced by another adjacent sound,

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I want you to warn Peter.

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  1. I want you to warn Peter. I want you to warm Peter.

  2. George banged the drum as he marched through the town. (George bang the drum as he march through the town.)

  3. Assimilation and Omission • Assimilation: where a sound is influenced by another adjacent sound, • e.g. in “I want you to warn Peter” the [p] influences the [n] to turn it into an [m] sound, “I want you to warm Peter”. • Omission: where one sound (within a cluster of different sounds) gets left out entirely: • “banged the drum” becomes “bang the drum”.

  4. Difficulty of pronouncing plosive sounds: • Plosive sounds ([b], [p], [t], [d], [k] and [g] are produced by obstructing the air flow). There are three stages: • obstructing the air flow • creating a build up of air behind the obstruction • allowing the air to “explode”as the obstruction is removed. • This makes them difficult to pronounce as final consonants: “good night!”, “good luck!”, “have a good sleep!” • Therefore the sounds become “unexploded” (pronounced as glottal stops).

  5. You would,would you?

  6. What is happening to the pronunciation of these words? • dreamt • fancy • prints • bottle • handbag • whistle • castle • “drempt” • “fantsy” • “prince” • “bottuh” • “hambag” • “whissle” • “cassle”

  7. Voiced and Voiceless consonants • In any language, the sounds used are ‘selected’ from the range of sounds that it is possible to make with the human vocal organs. • There is a natural tendency for these consonant sounds to pair up into “voiced” and “voiceless” consonants:

  8. 18th Century Fricatives • In the 18th Century, there were eight fricatives in the language: • Can you work out what might have occured (or might still be occurring) to ‘correct’ the situation where two consonants lack ‘voiced’ partners?

  9. 18th Century Fricatives • Answer: • [∫] has found a partner : the [ʒ] sound started to occur in words like ‘pleasure’ (originally pronounced ‘plezzer’, then ‘plezyer’, then finally with today’s pronunciation). • [h] has not found a partner, but may be disappearing (such as in certain dialects like cockney).

  10. Are these sound changes a natural process, or the result of laziness?

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