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Information, Decision Support…

Information, Decision Support…. Decision Making and Problem Solving Management Information Systems Decision Support Systems Group Decision Support Systems Hybrid and Special-Purpose Systems. Please discontinue use of cell phone and turn off ringer. Chapter 9.

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Information, Decision Support…

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  1. Information, Decision Support… Decision Making and Problem Solving Management Information Systems Decision Support Systems Group Decision Support Systems Hybrid and Special-Purpose Systems Please discontinue use of cell phone and turn off ringer Chapter 9

  2. 9.1 Decision Making and Problem Solving Key Terms • Decision making • Problem solving • Programmed decisions • Nonprogrammed decisions • Optimization model • Heuristics

  3. Decision Making & Problem Solving Process Intelligence Stage Potential Problems and opportunities are identified and defined Decision Making Design Stage Alternative solutions to the problem are developed Choice Stage Select a course of action Problem Solving Implementation Solution put into effect Monitoring Evaluate the implementation

  4. Decision Types Programmed decisions Structured situations with well defined relationships Quantifiable Non-programmed decisions Ill-structured situations with vague or changing relationships between variables Not easily quantifiable in advance MIS DSS

  5. MIS vs. DSS A MIS sheds light on a wide-range of common, day-to-day business decisions. A DSS supports decision making for specific unique and difficult decisions.

  6. Optimization and Heuristic Approaches An optimization model finds the best solution, usually the one that will best help individuals or organizations meet their goals. Heuristics, often referred to as “rules of thumb”—commonly accepted guidelines or procedures that usually find a good solution, but not necessarily the optimal solution—are often used in the decision-making process.

  7. 9.2 Management Information Systems Key Terms • Management Information System (MIS) • Business Intelligence • Scheduled report • Demand report • Exception report • Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) System

  8. Management Information Systems (MIS) MIS: an information system designed to provide routine information to managers and decision makers Business intelligence (BI): Technologies that are used to gather and report information that supports intelligent business decision making. www.sas.com/technologies/bi

  9. MIS Input and Output Scheduledreports Corporate Databases MIS Demandreports TransactionsDatabase in out Exceptionreports External Databases

  10. Reports, Reports, Reports www.cognos.com/products/business_intelligence/reporting_sapbw/

  11. Scheduled Reports are produced periodically on a schedule; daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly, annualy, ect. Demand Reports are developed to get certain information at a person’s request. Exception Reports are automatically produced when a situation is unusual or requires action. Reports

  12. Enterprise Resource Planning • ERP: integrates all data processing in an enterprise into one unified systemthat draws from a common database system. ERP

  13. 9.3 Decision Support Systems Key Terms • Decision Support System • What-if analysis • Goal-seeking analysis

  14. ExpertSystem (ES) DecisionSupport System (DSS) Management Information System (MIS) Transaction Processing System (TPS) greatercomplexity and intelligence,lessactivity

  15. Decision Support Systems www.epocrates.com A decision support system (DSS) is an information system used to support problem-specific decision making.

  16. What-if? What-if is used in projecting paths of hurricanes What-if analysis is the process of making hypothetical changes to problem data and observing the impact on the results.

  17. Goal-seeking What must be done in order to safely withdraw troops within a year? Goal-seeking analysis is the process of determining what problem data is required for a given result.

  18. 9.4 Group Decision Support Systems Key Terms • Group decision support system (GDSS) • Groupware

  19. Group Decision Support Systems (GDSS) A GDSS or computerized collaborative work system is designed to provide effective support in group decision-making settings. A GDSS is flexible, supports anonymous input, and reduces negative group dynamics

  20. Groupware www.lotus.com GDSS software, called groupware, helps with joint work group scheduling, communication, and management.

  21. 9.5 Hybrid and Special-Purpose Systems Key Terms • Knowledge Management System • Geographic information system (GIS) • Informatics

  22. Knowledge Management System A knowledge management (KM) system assists an organization in capturing, storing, and distributing knowledge for use and reuse by the organization and sometimes by its partners and customers.

  23. Specialized Systems A geographic information system (GIS) is capable of storing, manipulating, and displaying geographic or spatial information including maps of locations or regions around the world.

  24. Informatics Informatics combines traditional disciplines, like science and medicine, with computer systems and technology.

  25. Chapter 9 Questions? Don’t forget to turn your phone on!!

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