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Alcoa Wheel Products 美铝轮毂产品

Alcoa Wheel Products 美铝轮毂产品. Wheel Safety and Maintenance 轮毂的安全及保养. How Do We Maintain Wheels? 如何保养轮毂. What Is in a Warning? 关于警示. WARNING The first paragraph tells you about a potentially hazardous condition, situation or practice. 警示 第一段是有关潜在危险.

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Alcoa Wheel Products 美铝轮毂产品

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  1. Alcoa Wheel Products 美铝轮毂产品 Wheel Safety and Maintenance轮毂的安全及保养

  2. How Do We Maintain Wheels?如何保养轮毂

  3. What Is in a Warning?关于警示 WARNING The first paragraph tells you about a potentially hazardous condition, situation or practice. 警示 第一段是有关潜在危险 The second paragraph details what might happen if no corrective action is taken. 第二段关于若不采取有效措施可能会发生的事故 The final paragraph details what corrective action should be taken. 最后一段是关于必须采取的措施

  4. Example… the condition: 例… WARNING Cracked or damaged wheels may cause wheels to fail or come off the vehicle while the vehicle is moving. 开裂或已损坏的轮毂可能在行车时发生脱落 First, the potentially hazardous condition, situation or practice is explained. 首先说明潜在的危险

  5. Example… what can happen: WARNINGCracked or damaged wheels may cause wheels to fail or come off the vehicle while the vehicle is moving. Wheels that fail or come off the vehicle while it is moving can cause serious injury or death. 损坏的轮毂或轮毂脱落会导致严重的伤亡 Then, what might happen if no corrective action is taken. 然后说明若不采取有效措施可能会发生的事故

  6. Example… the remedy: WARNINGCracked or damaged wheels may cause wheels to fail or come off the vehicle while the vehicle is moving. Wheels that fail or come off the vehicle while it is moving can cause serious injury or death. Immediately remove cracked or damaged wheels from service. 立即更换以开裂或损坏的轮毂 And finally, the corrective action. 最后说明应采取的措施

  7. Follow Recommended Practices • Alcoa Service Manual 美铝服务手册 • Wheel installation practices 轮毂的安装方法 • Wheel inspections 轮毂的检查 • Ride disturbance questions 行车震动问题

  8. Follow Recommended Practices • Alcoa Service Manual section 7 • 美铝服务手册第7部分 • U.S. OSHA law 美国OSHA （职业安全法） • must use safety cage 必须使用安全罩 • must use clip on air chuck 必须使用安全气阀 • must comply with industry, wheel and tire service manuals 必须遵守行业，轮毂和轮胎服务手册的有关规定 • must train people相关人员必须经过培训 • tires found with less than 80% air pressure must be inspected to find cause of air loss and any potential problems轮胎不足80%的气压时，必须经过检查，发现漏气和其他可能的问题的原因。

  9. Proper Installation • Clean all mounting surfaces清洁所有安装表面 • Lubricate studs and nuts (hub piloted)润滑螺杆及螺母（中心孔定位） • Use proper torque sequence按正确的顺序安装螺母 • Initial torque 50 to 100 ft. Lb. 初始扭矩… • Final torque 450 to 500 ft. Lb. 最终扭矩 • Follow torque sequence按正确的顺序拧紧螺母 • Re-torque？

  10. Stud/Nut Lubrication 螺栓螺母润滑

  11. Affects of cleaning and lubrication清洁度和润滑对夹紧力的影响

  12. Why proper installation? 正确安装的理由 • Safety for you, your employees and the public 关乎您、您的同事和公众的安全 • To eliminate loose wheel conditions 排除轮毂松落的可能 • To improve wheel life 延长轮毂寿命 CAN SAVE YOU MONEY可以节约费用

  13. Stud Located Steer and Single Wheel Components for 3/4” and 1 1/8” studs 螺栓直径为3/4” 和1 1/8”单轮螺栓定位 Need full thread engagement 全螺纹啮合

  14. Stud Located Dualed WheelsDrive/Trailer Axle Components 双轮驱动桥/拖车桥螺栓定位

  15. Stud Located Dualed Wheels, Inner Steel& Outer Aluminum Axle Components 螺栓定位、内侧钢轮外侧铝轮

  16. Single Hub Piloted Axle Components单轮中心孔定位 Need full thread engagement 需全螺纹啮合

  17. Hub Piloted Dualed WheelAxle Components 双轮中心孔定位

  18. Wheel Stud Maintenance螺拴保养 • 1 broken stud — replace broken stud and the ones adjacent the broken stud 一颗螺栓断裂，更换断裂者和相邻两颗。 • 2 or more broken studs — replace all the studs for that wheel 两颗及以上螺栓断裂，更换所有螺栓。 • Include stud replacement in your wheel maintenance program 将螺栓更换作为车轮保养的一部分

  19. 10-hole 8-hole Hub Piloted Torque Sequences 中心孔定位拧紧顺序 Follow tightening sequence starting at the top Place pilot pads at 12:00 (TDC)

  20. 10-hole 8-hole 6-hole 5-hole Stud Located Torque Sequences螺栓定位拧紧顺序 Begin with one studat 12:00 (TDC) Start the tighteningsequence at the top,then move to thebottom

  21. Hub Piloted Torque Values中心孔定位最终扭矩值

  22. Stud Located Torque Values螺栓定位的扭矩值

  23. Why Fleets Experience Loose Wheels 为什么轮毂会松落？ • Low initial torque 初始扭矩太低 • High initial torque 初始扭矩太高 • Torque okay – tension low 扭矩合适但压力太低 • Initial torque/tension okay 初始扭矩和压力合适

  24. Tire/Wheel Inflation Pressures轮胎/轮毂气压 • Proper inflation pressure helps tireand wheel life 正确的气压可延长轮胎及轮毂的寿命 • Low inflation pressure will increase rim flange wear 气压过低会增加轮缘磨损 • Unequal inflation pressure may overload the tire/wheel 气压不平衡会导致轮胎轮毂过载

  25. Excessive Heat 过热 Wheel Inspection轮毂检查

  26. Ball Tape 球形尺 Wheel Inspection 轮毂检查

  27. Ball Tape球形尺 Wheel Inspection轮毂检查

  28. Rim Roll Demonstration轮缘滚动检查

  29. Wheel Inspection 轮毂检查 Photos show the carpenter square even on both bead seats.

  30. Wheel Inspection 轮毂检查 Photos shows an undersized wheel that you can clearly place a .020 card between the square and the wheel

  31. Flange Wear轮缘磨损 Wheel Inspection轮毂检查

  32. Wheel Inspection轮毂检查 • Rim Flange Wear Gauge轮缘磨损量规

  33. Hand Hole Crack散热孔裂纹 Wheel Inspection轮毂检查

  34. Bolt Hole Crack螺栓孔裂纹 Wheel Inspection轮毂检查

  35. Hand Hole to Bolt Hole Crack 散热孔与螺栓孔间裂纹 Wheel Inspection轮毂检查

  36. Drop Center Crack 中心裂纹 Wheel Inspection轮毂检查

  37. Mounting Surface Corrosion安装表面锈蚀 Wheel Inspection 轮毂检查

  38. Bent Flange 轮缘弯曲变形 Wheel Inspection轮毂检查

  39. Valve Stem before removal气阀茎 Wheel Inspection轮毂检查

  40. Valve Stem Corrosion气阀锈蚀 Wheel Inspection轮毂检查 • Valve Stem with Frey Lube气阀茎？

  41. Damaged Stud Holes螺栓孔变形 Wheel Inspection轮毂检查 Damaged ball seat contact area. 球孔座表面损伤 Damaged hub piloted bolt hole. 螺栓孔损伤（中心孔定位）

  42. Tire Wear or Ride Problems（轮胎磨损或震颤） .040” Max. - RRO/LRO？

  43. Wheel Balance 车轮平衡 6oz. Max.

  44. Balance Weights平衡块 • Use coated balance weights ？or “stick-on” adhesive weights粘贴平衡块 Improperly installed weights could “fly off” during useand damage the vehicleor cause personal injury. 不正确安装的平衡块会“飞出”，导致车辆或人员伤亡

  45. Bolt Hole/Center Hole True Position螺栓孔与中心孔之间的距离 .012” Max. difference from hole to hole 最大偏差为12“

  46. Safety Maintenance and Inspection Summary 总结 • Follow practices as outlined in the Alcoa Service Manual 严格按照服务手册的说明 • Follow torque specs and sequences 严格按照扭矩参数和顺序 • Keep the mating surfaces clean 保持接触面清洁 • Include studs in maintenance practice 螺栓也是必须保养的部分 • Clean and inspect wheels 清洁并仔细检查轮毂

  47. Wheel Inspection Summary • Remove any suspect wheelfrom service 可疑的轮毂必须报废 • Remove any damaged wheel from service 受损的轮毂必须报废 When removing a wheel from service, clearly identify the wheel as scrap and remove valve stem. 报废的轮毂必须明确标注并拆掉气阀

  48. Permanently remove any wheel from service that has been exposed to excessive heat (for example: tire fire, bearing fire, brake fire, etc.) 报废所有过热的轮毂（如：轮胎失火，轴承着火，刹车着火，等等。） Wheel Inspection Summary轮毂检查总结 Remember: When removinga wheel from service,clearly identify the wheel as scrapand remove the valve stem. 报废的轮毂必须明确标注并拆掉气阀

  49. How to Obtain Literature如何获得相关资料 • Service manuals, specification data, videos and other literature are available free: at www.alcoawheels.com • 可在www.alcoawheels.com网站免费获取服务手册，参数表，VCD及其他资料。

  50. Thank you ! 谢谢！

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