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Supercapacitors for Hybrid and Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Supercapacitors for Hybrid and Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles. V. R. Koch Covalent Associates, Inc. and Oregon State University. December 4, 2008. Overview. What are supercapacitors (aka EDLCs, ultracaps, supercaps)? Supercap market segments

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Supercapacitors for Hybrid and Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles

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  1. Supercapacitors for Hybrid and Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles V. R. Koch Covalent Associates, Inc. and Oregon State University December 4, 2008

  2. Overview • What are supercapacitors (aka EDLCs, ultracaps, supercaps)? • Supercap market segments • Ionic liquids: new electrolyte materials forhigh temp supercaps • Supercap performance at elevated temps • Summary • Postscript from the Port of Yokahama

  3. Types of Capacitors

  4. Energy Storage Devices

  5. Supercap Hardware AA size cell 2325 coin cell

  6. Supercapacitor Test Bank

  7. Why Supercaps for EV/PHEV? Fuji Heavy Industries (Subaru) has purchased the Electric Double Layer Capacitor (supercapacitor) business from Kanebo Ltd for an estimated •100 million yen, according to reports in the Japanese business press (August 2008). Fuji Heavy Industries plans to start commercial production of the ultracapacitor device before the end of 2010, and to sell the product to other companies, in addition to using it for its own vehicles.

  8. 80oC 60oC Available supercap thermal envelope: -30ºC to 65ºC 40oC Consumer electronics 20oC Auto Military 0oC -20oC -40oC -60oC -80oC EDLC Market Segments as f(T)

  9. Supercaps for EV and PHEV • Non-aqueous electrolytes fail at temps as low as 65ºC owing to thermal decomposition reactions. • Supercap modules in hybrid EVs experience operating temps as high as 125ºC. • New thermochemically stable electrolytes are required to enable supercap performance at elevated temps over long periods of time. • Such electrolytes incorporate ionic liquid materials. www.covalentassociates.com

  10. www.covalentassociates.com

  11. Ionic Liquids • ILs are materials composed solely of anions and cations. • Molecular solvents are composed of neutral speciesbenzene, propylene carbonate, water www.covalentassociates.com

  12. Cation Structures

  13. Anion Structures Inorganic Organic - - BR Sulfonate O - (SO R) 4 2 - - PR Imide N - (SO R) 6 2 2 - Methide C - (SO R) 2 3 R = halide, perfluoroalkyl and other electron withdrawing alkyl or aryl substituents

  14. Critical Thermal Stability No volatility EMIIm PC bp 240ºC High thermal stability www.covalentassociates.com

  15. Electrolyte Storage: 150oC for 2 hr Ionic Liquid 1M TEABF4/PC www.covalentassociates.com

  16. Supercap Cycle Life: 150oC at 1.75V Ionic Liquid 1M TEABF4/PC IL data represent 42 days of continuous cycling at 150ºC www.covalentassociates.com

  17. Summary • A new family of non-flammable and thermochemically stable ionic liquid electrolytes has been developed. • Such electrolytes enable supercapacitor performance at temperatures in excess of 150ºC. • We are working with device manufacturers to bring safe, high temperature supercaps to the auto industry.

  18. PS from the Port of Yokahama

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