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Chapter 16 Electrical Energy and Capacitance

Chapter 16 Electrical Energy and Capacitance. AP Physics B Lecture Notes. Electrical Energy and Capacitance. Sections. 16-01 Potential Difference and Electric Potential. 16-02 Electric Potential & Potential Energy Due to a Point Charge.

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Chapter 16 Electrical Energy and Capacitance

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  1. Chapter 16 Electrical Energy and Capacitance AP Physics B Lecture Notes

  2. Electrical Energy and Capacitance Sections 16-01 Potential Difference and Electric Potential 16-02 Electric Potential & Potential Energy Due to a Point Charge 16-03 Potentials and Charged Conductors 16-04 Equipotential Surfaces 16-06 Capacitance 16-07 The Parallel Plate Capacitor 16-08 Combinations of Capacitors 16-09 Energy Stored in a Charged Capacitor

  3. Potential Difference and Electric Potential q E x Electric Potential Energy and Potential Difference m a g h b F = mg F = qE W = mgh W = qEx DPE = -W DPE = -W

  4. Potential Difference and Electric Potential a b Electric Potential Energy and Potential Difference q x E

  5. Chapter 16: Electrical Energy and Capacitance The graph shows the relationship between the work done on a charged body in an electric field and the net charge on the body. What does the slope of this graph represent? (A) power (B) potential difference (C) force (D) electric field intensity

  6. Elect. Potential & Potential Energy Due to a Point Chg. -r +r +V -V -r +r The electric potential due to a point charge

  7. Elect. Potential & Potential Energy Due to a Point Chg. F F r Work is required to move two point charge closer together. This work is converted to potential energy. This electric potential energy of two point charges:

  8. Potentials and Charged Conductors 10 V 5 V 2.5 V 0 V 7.5 V -10 cm -5 cm 0 cm V E Let E = 100 N/C d = 10 cm d Using potentials instead of fields can make solving problems much easier – potential is a scalar quantity, whereas the field is a vector.

  9. Equipotential Surfaces

  10. Capacitance +Q -Q V Battery A capacitor consists of two conductors that are close but not touching. A capacitor has the ability to store electric charge and stores energy in an electric field. Capacitance

  11. The Parallel Plate Capacitor A d The capacitance of a capacitor depends on the geometry of the plates

  12. Chapter 16 Electrical Energy and Capacitance A parallel-plate capacitor has a capacitance of C. If the area of the plates is doubled and the distance between the plates is halved, what is the new capacitance? (A) C/4 (B) C/2 (C) 2C (D) 4C

  13. The Parallel Plate Capacitor (Problem) If a capacitor has opposite 5.2 mC charges on the plates, and an electric field of 2.0 kV/mm is desired between the plates, what must each plate’s area be?

  14. Combinations of Capacitors Capacitors in Series and in Parallel Capacitors in parallel have the same voltage across each one:

  15. Combinations of Capacitors Capacitors in Series and in Parallel Capacitors in series have the same charge:

  16. Energy Stored in a Charged Capacitor One electron volt (eV) is the energy gained by an electron moving through a potential difference of one volt.

  17. Energy Stored in a Charged Capacitor +Q -Q C V Battery A charged capacitor stores electric energy; the energy stored is equal to the work done to charge the capacitor. Energy density of an electric field

  18. END

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