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Nicha Sritong Pornphimol Winyuchakrit Artite Pattanapongchai Prachuab Peerapong

CO 2 Mitigation in Thailand’s Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs): Policy Analyses of Power Generation 28-30 September 2011 PATTAYA, Thailand. Nicha Sritong Pornphimol Winyuchakrit Artite Pattanapongchai Prachuab Peerapong Speaker: Bundit Limmeechokchai.

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Nicha Sritong Pornphimol Winyuchakrit Artite Pattanapongchai Prachuab Peerapong

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  1. CO2 Mitigation in Thailand’s Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs): Policy Analyses of Power Generation28-30 September 2011PATTAYA, Thailand NichaSritong PornphimolWinyuchakrit ArtitePattanapongchai PrachuabPeerapong Speaker: BunditLimmeechokchai Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology, Thammasat University

  2. Whatis NAMAs?? N: Nationally A: Appropriate M: Mitigation A: Actions COP13  Bali, Indonesia  Bali Roadmap COP15  Copenhagen, Denmark  Copenhagen Accord COP16  Cancun, Mexico  Cancun Agreement ICUE 2011 The International Conference & Utility Exhibition 201128-30 September 2011

  3. Whatis NAMAs?? • COP13: Bali Road Map • Shared vision for long term global goal for emission reductions. • Enhanced on mitigation of climate change, adaptation, and technology development, and financial resources. • Enhanced on Nationally Appropriate Mitigation commitment by developed countries. • Enhanced on Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions by developing countries. ICUE 2011 The International Conference & Utility Exhibition 201128-30 September 2011

  4. Whatis NAMAs?? • COP15: Copenhagen Accord • Recognizes "the scientific view that the increase in global temperature should be below 2 degrees Celsius", in a context of Sustainable Development, to combat climate change. • Developed countries (Annex I Parties) would "commit to economy-wide emissions targets for 2020". • Developing nations (non-Annex I Parties) would "implement mitigation actions" (Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions) to slow growth in their carbon emissions. ICUE 2011 The International Conference & Utility Exhibition 201128-30 September 2011

  5. Whatis NAMAs?? • COP16: Cancun Agreement • Climate change requires a paradigm shift towards building a low-carbon society. • Establish regional adaptation centres and networks to support developing country. • Developing country Parties will take nationally appropriate mitigation actions in the context of sustainable development in 2020. • Set up a registry to record nationally appropriate mitigation actions seeking international support and to facilitate matching of finance, technology and capacity-building support to these actions. ICUE 2011 The International Conference & Utility Exhibition 201128-30 September 2011

  6. Whatis NAMAs?? • Domestic NAMAs • Internationally Supported NAMAs • Credited NAMAs ICUE 2011 The International Conference & Utility Exhibition 201128-30 September 2011

  7. Domestic NAMAs • Autonomous actions by developing countries without outside support. • Pursue for reasons other than the sole objective of GHG emissions reduction, like energy efficiency programmes for energy security, health benefits etc. • Would be cost effective or relatively low cost. ICUE 2011 The International Conference & Utility Exhibition 201128-30 September 2011

  8. Internationally Supported NAMAs • Actions undertaken with support from developed country Parties. • Support could be in the form of specific financial assistance for development and implementation of projects such as deployment of advanced technologies, incentives, building capacity etc. • Measurable, Reportable, and Verifiable (MRV) requirements would be more stringent and complicated in order to ensure that the support is being efficiently used for the emission reduction purposes. ICUE 2011 The International Conference & Utility Exhibition 201128-30 September 2011

  9. Credited NAMAs • Actions that could be partially or fully credited for sale in the global carbon market i.e. the amount of GHG emission reduction achieved through these actions could be credited and traded in an international carbon markets. • MRV requirements for such activities would be the most stringent so as to ensure that they are actually creating additional global emission reduction. ICUE 2011 The International Conference & Utility Exhibition 201128-30 September 2011

  10. Criteria for NAMAs ICUE 2011 The International Conference & Utility Exhibition 201128-30 September 2011

  11. Criteria for NAMAs ICUE 2011 The International Conference & Utility Exhibition 201128-30 September 2011

  12. Objectives of this study • To analyze GHG mitigations of Strategies. • 15-year Renewable Energy Plan (Renewable Power Generation) • Adders Plan or Feed in Tariffs ICUE 2011 The International Conference & Utility Exhibition 201128-30 September 2011

  13. 15-year Renewable Energy Plan (RE) ICUE 2011 The International Conference & Utility Exhibition 201128-30 September 2011

  14. Adders ICUE 2011 The International Conference & Utility Exhibition 201128-30 September 2011

  15. Analysis Tool of NAMAs: AIM/Enduse Energy use in Economic Section in Thailand Steps for collecting and gathering data Steps for collecting and gathering data Steps for collecting and gathering data Value Evaluation by AIM/Enduse Steps for criticizing and conclusion ICUE 2011 The International Conference & Utility Exhibition 201128-30 September 2011

  16. AIM/Enduse Model • Asia-pacific Integrated Model • Developed by National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Japan • Bottom-up model ICUE 2011 The International Conference & Utility Exhibition 201128-30 September 2011

  17. AIM/Enduse Model • Example of technology system [Residential] ICUE 2011 The International Conference & Utility Exhibition 201128-30 September 2011

  18. AIM/Enduse Model • Example of overall technology system ICUE 2011 The International Conference & Utility Exhibition 201128-30 September 2011

  19. Seasonal Load Curve of Thailand ICUE 2011 The International Conference & Utility Exhibition 201128-30 September 2011

  20. Annual Load Curve of Thailand ICUE 2011 The International Conference & Utility Exhibition 201128-30 September 2011

  21. Results: CO2 Emissions (BAU) 141505.8 kt-CO2 (ktCO2eq) CO2 Emissions ICUE 2011 The International Conference & Utility Exhibition 201128-30 September 2011

  22. Results: CO2 Emissions/Reductions 27405.9 kt-CO2 24962.02 kt-CO2 CO2 Emissions/Reductions (kt-CO2) ICUE 2011 The International Conference & Utility Exhibition 201128-30 September 2011

  23. Marginal Abatement Cost (MAC) 103 Solar (499 kt-CO2) Wind (45 kt-CO2) Cost of Abatement ($/t-CO2) 50 Biogas (573 kt-CO2) Small Hydro (1,593 kt-CO2) Biomass (21,533 kt-CO2) 0 12,000 0 24,244 Cumulative Abatement Potential (kt-CO2) ICUE 2011 The International Conference & Utility Exhibition 201128-30 September 2011

  24. Marginal Abatement Cost (MAC) 395 MSW-LND (35 kt-CO2) Cost of Abatement ($/t-CO2) MSW-BGS (35 kt-CO2) MSW-INC (56 kt-CO2) Local Landfill (593 kt-CO2) 0 0 350 718 Cumulative Abatement Potential (kt-CO2) ICUE 2011 The International Conference & Utility Exhibition 2011 28-30 September 2011

  25. Marginal Abatement Cost (MAC) ICUE 2011 The International Conference & Utility Exhibition 201128-30 September 2011

  26. Conclusion RE: 27.4 Mt-CO2 52.4 Mt-CO2 89.1 Mt-CO2 Adders: 25 Mt-CO2 Domestic NAMAs:Biogas, Small Hydro, Biomass (23 Mt-CO2) Internationally Supported NAMAs:Others (1.3 Mt-CO2) BAU 141.5 Mt-CO2 ICUE 2011 The International Conference & Utility Exhibition 201128-30 September 2011

  27. Acknowledgements • National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Japan for AIM/Enduse Database • Prof. Matsuoka and his research tem from Kyoto University for Modelling. • Prof. Ram M Shrestha from AIT for Modelling. • Thailand Greenhouse gas management Organization (TGO) for comments for comments ICUE 2011 The International Conference & Utility Exhibition 201128-30 September 2011

  28. Thank You

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