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El Pretérito. ¿Cuándo usamos el pretérito?. Usually preterit situations have something to do with completed actions that can be placed at a specific point in time . The preterit tends to “ freeze ” an action or state in past time or to view it as over and done with . Pret é rito.
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¿Cuándo usamos el pretérito? Usually preterit situations have something to do with completed actions that can be placed at a specific point in time. The preterit tends to “freeze” an action or state in past time or to view it as over and done with.
Las Formas AR ER/IR • Hablar: • Correr • Asistir
SAFE • Specific instance or number of instances • Lellamó tresveces. El mellamó ayer • He called him three times. He called me yesterday. • Action that interrupts ongoing events • Ellallamómientras yo trabajaba. • She called while I was working. • Focus on beginning or ending of action • Llovióa las seis y media en punto. • It rained at exactly 6:30. • Enclosed amount of time (line segment) • Los árabescontrolaronmucho de España por más que 700 años. • The Arabs controlled much of Spain for over 700 years.
Indicadores • anoche – last night • ayer– yesterday • el lunespasado– last Monday • el mes pasado – lastmonth • el año pasado – lastyear • la semana pasado – lastweek • de repente – suddenly • estamañana (at end of a sentence) – this morning • estatarde (at end of a sentence) – this afternoon • a tiempo (at end of a sentence) – on time • de nuevo (at end of a sentence) – again • por fin (at end of a sentence) – finally • unavez (at end of a sentence) – one time / once • porprimeravez– for the 1st time
Pruebita • Whatistheacronymforthe uses of thepreterit? • Whatletters in theacronymwouldyouapplytoeach of thefollowingsituations? • One time my friendgave me a dollar. • At 3 westartedpractice • Alllastweek I ate onlygreenthings. • I wasgoingtothetheaterwhenI gotbuzzedby a car.
Irregulares de Raíz • Irregular stems> these verbs have irregular stems and all follow the same irregular endings (upper right corner): • “U” stem verbs: tener-tuv___, andar-anduv___, estar-estuv___, poder-pud___, poner-pus___, saber-sup___ • Hacer and Venir: have an irregular “I” in their stems: hacer-hic___, venir-vin___ • *Decir and *Traer have an irregular “j” in their stem: decir-dij___, traer-traj___ *(only different ending from other irregular stem verbs is the ellos/ellas/uds. Ending: -eron)
“uir” verbs • Verbs ending in –uir such as destruir; have a spelling change in the preterite. The I becomes a y in the el/ella/ud. forms and the ellosellasuds. Forms • Other verbs with double vowels such as leer, creer, oír, and caer(se), follow a similar pattern
Verbos Car Gar Zar • Theverbsending in “-car” “-gar” “-zar” allhave irregular yo forms in thepreterit • Car changesto qué • Gar changestogué • Zar changestocé • Ej: yo practiqué • Ej: yo jugué • Ej: yo almorcé
Irregulares • Dar and Vertake all regular “er/ir” endings but neither have accents in any form • Ir and Ser are our “FU” verbs because all of their forms have the letters f and u in them.
Verbos de cambio de raíz • Only –IR stem-changingverbsfromthepresent tense stemchange in thepreterit (pedir, sentir, servir, divertirse, preferir, sugerir, vestirse, dormir, morir) • Theyonlychangee-i and o-u and theyonlychange in thebottom of theboot (él/ella/ud. ellos/ellas/uds.)
El “Checklist” de lasformas • AR: yo –é, tú -aste, él/ella/ud. –ó, nosotros –amos, vosotros –asteis, ellos/ellas/uds. –aron • ER/IR: yo –í, tú -iste, él/ella/ud. -ió, nosotros –imos, vosotros –isteis, ellos/ellas/uds. –ieron • Stem-changers: -IR, e-ioro-u, bottom of theboot • Reflexives: same as any tense! • Irregulars: • Decir and Traer “J” no “i” in uds. • Tener and Hacer “tuv” and “hic” exceptud.—“hiz” • Dar and Ver—”-ir” endings no accents • Ir—”fu-” no “i” in uds.
