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Ethics

Ethics. How to Decide What is Right?. Overview. What is Ethical? – Ancient to Contemporary Who decides what is Ethical? – norms & rules and lack of them What is an Ethical System? Some Case Studies. What is Ethics?. Rules of social behavior; i.e. Rules of interactions between men

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Ethics

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  1. Ethics How to Decide What is Right?

  2. Overview • What is Ethical? – Ancient to Contemporary • Who decides what is Ethical? – norms & rules and lack of them • What is an Ethical System? • Some Case Studies

  3. What is Ethics? • Rules of social behavior; i.e. Rules of interactions between men • What governs these rules?, i.e. Who or what decides what is right? • How to make people comply? • Can we apply these rules to masses?

  4. The Ancient Ethics • Epicurus (Epicureanism) • Aristotle (Self-realizationism) • Epictetus (Stoicism) • Hedonism / Charvak • Chanakya • Buddha • Mozi (Mohist Consequentialism)

  5. The Modern Views • Kant • Nietzsche • Kotarbinski • Ayn Rand

  6. Who Decides What is Right? • Normative (People) • Subjective (Circumstances) • Objective (Logic) • Religion (God ???)

  7. What is Most Important? • Intent • Thought • Act • Consequence

  8. What is an Ethical System? • Highest Objective decides Purpose • Values – to be gained and kept – add to the highest value, thereby self-esteem • Virtues – path towards acquiring values, thus highest objective – requires Reason • What does the lack of either component do? Examples …

  9. Case: Hedonist Ethics • What is the highest objective? • What are the values? • What are the virtues? • Any lacunae / limitations

  10. Case: Buddhist Ethics • What is the highest objective? • What are the values? • What are the virtues? • Any lacunae / limitations

  11. Case: Kantian Ethics • What is the highest objective? • What are the values? • What are the virtues? • Any lacunae / limitations

  12. Case: Objectivist Ethics • What is the highest objective? • What are the values? • What are the virtues? • Any lacunae / limitations

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