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Urban Sanitation Challenges in Afghanistan: Groundwater Contamination and Wastewater Management

Explore the current situation of urban sanitation in Afghanistan, with 70% of the population living in major cities facing groundwater contamination due to poor sanitation infrastructure. Learn about the linkages between sanitation and groundwater, potential solutions, and the wastewater management process.

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Urban Sanitation Challenges in Afghanistan: Groundwater Contamination and Wastewater Management

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  1. Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Afghanistan Conference on Sanitation 2016 Ministry of Urban Development and Housing URBAN SANITATION

  2. Current situation 30 Million population 70 % Urban Population lives in 6 majorcities 29% peoplehaveaccesstosanitationfacilities(ALCS 2014) DroppinggroundwaterlevelIncreasing groundwater contamination

  3. Wastewater contributors

  4. Linkages between sanitation and groundwater

  5. Groundwater Contamination Source: BGR sanitation report

  6. Groundwater contamination % Water Testing results in Urban Area % % Bacteria Nitrogen Salinity Source: BGR Report 2004

  7. Pollution status 21 % Safely Managed Un Safely Managed 79 % Source: GIZ-SFD (2016)

  8. Makrorayan Wastewater Treatment Plant

  9. Makrorayan Wastewater Treatment Plant

  10. Potential polluters

  11. Challenges Poor sanitation infrastructure Lack of performance incentives to deliver sanitation services Weak legislation and regulations for sanitation systems Ambiguity in responsibilities & Lack of strategic planning Unsustainabledonordrivenprojectsandlowerpublicawarness

  12. Wastewater Management Process 1 2 3 4 5 Planning required Mostly performed

  13. Proposed plans 1 Private Residential/Housing Projects Industries + Hotels NGO’s + Embassies LONG TERM IMMEDIATE Presidential Decree Law Regulations AUWSC Municipality 2 Fecal Sludge Treatment Systems Four or five zones of Kabul city 1 4 3 2 MEDIUM TERM SHORT TERM 3 Decentralized Wastewater treatment systemsToilets upgradationPublic awarness AUWSC Private sector Public Private Partnerships AUWSC IWWM 4 Wastewater network Sustainable toiletsImproved sanitation infrastrucure

  14. MUDH plans

  15. Fecal Sludge Treatment Plant Tanker discharge Biogas Production Drying beds Wastewater treatment Re-use (greenery)

  16. Progressive Approach

  17. THANK YOU

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