Weiner Chapter 7 : Nikkei-jin

1. Weiner Chapter 7 : Nikkei-jin Group 2: • Meagan Acdal • Carl Hase • Masahiro Kai • Cliff Clark • Adam Wohlman

2. Main Ideas Reasons for Migration & Remigration Social Reinforcements

3. Nikkeijin • Nikkeijin(日系人) is the them • 日: Japan • 系: Originated • 人: People • Japanese Diaspora • Common idea is • A Foreigner who has Japanese Origine

4. Huárén(华人) Chinese Diaspora in Chinese Government definition. However, Chinese use the term same as Chinese (中國人) Basically Chinese consider Chinese

5. Who Are the Nikkeijin • Nikkeijin: Descendents of Japanese that emigrated abroad between 1868 – 1973. • South American – Japanese descendents up to 3rd generation.

6. Reasons for Migration & Remigration • Initially, to earn money for basic Household needs back home. • Developed into entire families moving to Japan to better their social standing from Brazil, and Peru. • Live “high consumption” lives.

7. INITIAL STAGE: Late 1970’s – 1986 • Influx of female migrant workers from Thailand and Philippines. • Recruited at singers and entertainers, but in reality they worked as hostesses, prostitutes, and other jobs in the sex industry.

8. SECOND STAGE: Late 1980’s – 1986 • Large influx of male workers to compensate for the severe shortage of labor-intensive jobs. • Accepted ‘3D’ jobs (Dirty, Dangerous, Difficult)

9. THIRD STAGE: June 1, 1990 • Revision of immigration control law June 1 1990 • Help prevent infringements of human rights, reduce criminal syndicates • Simultaneously introduced severe penalties for employers who illegally employed foreigners entering after June 1, 1990.

10. REVISED IMMIGRATION-CONTROL LAW: • 1/6th degree of consanguinity gives guaranteed visa. • 1988-1991 populations rise from 8,602 to 61,500 • Competition for hiring Nikkeijin so employers stay away from prosecution from hiring illegals. • Brazil, China, Korea, and Peru.

11. 1991 RECESSION • Less public enthusiasm for foreign workers • Collapse of Bubble Economy • Long term social costs starting to kick in; Medical, education costs, and a rise in crime.

12. Social Reinforcement(Second Main Points) • 50% live in high concentration areas. • Employment by sub-contractors of Giant manufacturing. • Nissan, Fuji, Yamaha, Kowai.

13. LABOR MARKET • Created stratified labor market • “Target Earners” Earn sum on money in period of time. • Medium-sized companies or sub-contractors employed Nikkeijin and illegal workers.Small companies and family companies and sub-sub-contractors could only afford to hire illegal workers. • Nikkeijin in manufacturing or service sectors whereas illegal workers worked in factories or construction.

14. EDUCATION • Should Nikkeijin be taught with the idea of permanent settlement • 20,000 Nikkeijin children can’t speak Japanese • May lead to high unemployment rate in Nikkeijin

15. IDEOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE • Nikkeijin considered Japanese in home countries but considered Brazilian, Peruvian in Japan by social behavior. • Looks indishtinguishable to Japanese but acts very different. • Primary determinants are “Japanese Blood” or lineage. Still considered “semi-Japanese” • Employment has become very dependent on lineage.

16. Article:China’s minorities without written script • China has made an effort to educate its minorities, specifically through the use of their native languages. • Chinese proficiency effects academic success among ethnic minorities.

17. What is nationality Japanese in Japan think blood line and place of birth is the condition Therefore, they consider Nikkeijin as foreigner who have relationship with Japan Chinese make a point of blood line Therefore basically Chinese consider Huárén as Chinese

18. Number of Minorities In Japan, 98.5% of residents are Japanese who speak Japanese, have Japanese nationality, Japanese ethnic In China, 91.5% are Hun Chinese In addition, 80% are white in US

19. Thank You The End Group 2: Cliff, Meagan, Carl, Adam and Masahiro