1. Introduction

2. 1. Introduction 2. Fact or Fiction? 3. Intimacy 4. Family 5. Emotional Development 6. Closing Thoughts

3. Introduction

4. Fact or Fiction? Fiction Fact 1. Emerging adulthood females tend to have similar numbers of same-sex and cross-sex friends? 2. The three basic dimensions of romantic love are passion, intimacy, and commitment. 3. Gay and lesbian couples generally have the same relationship problems as heterosexual couples. 4. Among emerging adults, depression is more prevalent than anxiety.

5. Friendship What are some gender differences in friendships among emerging adults? Friendship Males and same-sex friends Females and same-sex friends Cross-sex friendships Differences more cultural than biological In emerging adulthood, helps expand self and gender boundaries Usually not a prelude to romance, but not always the case Outsider assumptions can cause problems More intimate and emotional, including self-disclosing talk Likely to share problems about health, romance, and relatives When giving advice or support, greater show of sympathy Physical contact routine, such as hugs for greetings and farewells Greater number of friends Demand less of friends Less likely to divulge failures, emotional problems, relationship dilemmas Apt to give practical advice Physical contact through competition or combat

6. The Development of Love intimacy versus isolation: Task of adults to seek someone with whom to share their lives in an enduring and self-sacrificing commitment. Three distinct components of love, according to Sternberg (1988) Marriage Passion Intimacy Commitment Cohabitation “Falling in love”; an intense physical, cognitive, and emotional onslaught characterized by excitement, ecstasy, and euphoria. A reciprocal aspect of romance; knowing someone well, sharing secrets and nakedness as well as sex. Grows gradually through decisions to be together, mutual caregiving, shared possessions, and forgiveness (fincham et al., 2007).

7. Marriage What are some recent statistics about the state of U.S. marriages? homogamy: Marriage between individuals who tend to be similar (i.e., attitudes, interests, goals, socioeconomic status, religion, ethnic background, and local origin).

8. Marriage [Video: Relationship States: Marriage]

9. Marriage [Video: Relationship States: Cohabitation]

10. Marriage [Video: Excerpts from the Documentary Up: Three Young Women from Working Class Backgrounds]

11. Domestic Violence What percentage of U.S. homicides involves husbands or wives? Homicide Rate Among people who know each other, 1976-2005, United States Female Victims Male Victims Percent 50 Percent 50 40 40 30 30 20 20 10 10 0 0 Offenders Offenders Intimate – spouse or boyfriend/girlfriend Non-spousal family member Acquaintance Source: Maguire, 2010.

12. Well-Being In general, what sense of well-being do emerging adults experience? Young Adults’ Self-Ratings of Well-Being Average rating 4.25 4 Men Women Total 3.75 Age 18 19-20 21-22 23-24 Source: Schulenberg et al., 2005, p. 424

13. Psychopathology diathesis-stress model: The view that psychological disorders, such as schizophrenia, are produced by the interaction of a genetic vulnerability(the diathesis) and stressful environment factors and life events. How do genes and experience interact in some psychopathologies experienced by emerging adults? Psychopathology Mood disorders Anxiety disorders Schizophrenia • Becoming overwhelmed by disorganized and bizarre thoughts, delusions, hallucinations,and emotions (American Psychiatric Association, 2000). • Worldwide, symptoms typically begin in adolescence, with diagnosis most common in ages 18 to 24, with men particularly vulnerable (Anjum et al., 2010). • Cause is partly genetic, but factors of early childhood malnutrition (or malnutrition during pregnancy) or extensive social pressure may be involved. • bipolar depression: In adulthood, the grandiosity of the mania and the despair of depression may be unchecked by the normal restraints on children (Geller et al., 2008; Merikangas & Pato, 2009). • depression: Life experiences of emerging adulthood can set a downward spiral in motion though major depression may be rooted in biochemistry (in particular, neurotransmitters and hormones.) • Evident in one-fourth of all U.S. residents below the age of 25 (more prevalent than depression, worldwide): Panic attacks, PTSD (post-traumatic stress disorder), OCD (obsessive-compulsive disorder). • Young adults face a higher rate of trauma (military combat, rape, serious accident) yet are less protected by parents or spouses (Odlaug et al., 2010).

14. Closing Thoughts A theme of human development is that continuity and change are evident throughout life — what are some of the major social and emotional challenges and changes of emerging adulthood?