A Historiographical essay

1. Writing a FRQ A Historiographical essay

2. Getting Started • Read the WHOLE question thoroughly. • Code what is being asked. • question is about (A, B OR C) • answer by talking about this (1) • and this (2) • and this (3)

3. Sample Question Code the following: "Throughout the colonial period, economic concerns had more to do with settling British North America than did religious concerns." Assess the validity of this statement with specific references to economic and religious concerns.

4. Sample Question • Analyze the difference between the New England settlements in the South and those in New England in the seventeenth century in terms of TWO of the following: Politics religion economic development

5. Before Writing • Plan what you are going to write • Better thought out = Better written essay. • Brainstorm the answer to the question:

6. Brainstorm • Brainstorm: • “How are S & NEng col diff in politics and economic development?” Diff by

7. Sample Question Although New England and the Chesapeake region were both settled largely by people of English origin, by 1700 the regions had evolved into two distinct societies. Why did this difference in development occur?

8. Before Writing • Brainstorm: • “Why did VA & Mass dev diff?” B/C of Motives for colonization Types of settlers Geography

9. Thesis Development • Does it answer all the question? (apply code) • Does it list your ideas for your middle paragraphs?

10. Complete thesis? Although both English based, the regions of New England and Chesapeake evolved into two distinct societies because of the types of settlers that colonized the area, their motives for colonization and the geography of the area they settled.

11. Complete thesis? Analyze the difference between the England settlements in the South and the English colonies in New England in the seventeenth century in terms of TWO of the following: Politics religion economic development

12. Complete thesis? Throughout the colonial period, economic concerns had more to do with settling British North America than did religious concerns. Assess the validity of this statement with specific references to economic and religious concerns.

13. Introduction • The first sentence includes an attention getting statement about the question. • Following sentences should include the time, subject, place. • The LAST SENTENCE, the thesis statement, is the answer supporting your position.

14. Sample Into & Thesis By the turn of the seventeenth century twelve of the English colonies were well on their way to surviving in the New World. The only colony not begun before 1700 was Georgia. These twelve colonies though unique as individual colonies several began to form similarities. Although by the 18th century Eastern America had been colonized by Englishmen, motives, geography, and settlers themselves created two distinct societies, New England and Chesapeake.

15. Before Writing Match ideas to evidence and history GOT PROOF?

16. Before Writing • Brainstorm what you know • (TERMS! explanations (how/why) • Good, relevant, evidence, not fluff.

17. Before Writing A MOTIVES B SETTLERS C GEOGRAPHY Proof 1 Proof 2 Proof 3 Religious persecution = Roger Williams Religious persecution & profit = Puritans Profit = Virginia Company

18. Before Writing A MOTIVES B SETTLERS C GEOGRAPHY Proof 1 Proof 2 Proof 3 families = Plymouth Single males Jamestown Indentured servants Jamestown

19. Before Writing A MOTIVES B SETTLERS C GEOGRAPHY Proof 1 Proof 2 Proof 3 Swamp; growing Jamestown, MD Ports, lumber S At trade; MB, NE Land suitable for Plantations, Car, Va

20. Analyzing Evidence • How does proof answer the question and thesis? • Is it a quality argument (show cause/effect)? Profit was definitely a motive that caused the two regions to develop differently. Because the Virginia Company, a joint stock company that established Jamestown was in the Americas to make a profit their focus was on gold and not setting up a colony. This lack of attention to food and shelter caused many to die the first winter which was not experienced in the New England colonies. Because of the lack of gold found, they had to find another way to survive, curing tobacco. Tobacco needed large areas to grow and much manpower to harvest which led to the plantation system and slavery being connected with the region.

21. Body of FRQ • Is there relevant and specific proof ? • Is there proof throughout the entire essay? • Is each proof defined accurately? • Is each proof explained HOW it answers the question and follows the thesis?

22. Conclusion • Review main points once more. • Do not include proof in the conclusion or introduction. • An impressive conclusion can relate the thesis towards living today; or show the historical future.

23. Writing Guidelines • Write legibly, neatly and to the point. • Ask: “Am I answering the question?” • Write in third person, always. • Use correct grammar, spelling, and punctuation. Good content can not make up for poor writing.

24. Tips for Survival • Budget your time. • Long essays are not always good essays, but short essays are never good essays. • Stay confident! You can write a FRQ! • Best advice is to be prepared. • We will practice, practice, practice PPP modified from original source: Matt Tassinari, Palmdale H.S. School House Rock Video