5-2

1. 5-2 Ratios, Rates, and Unit Rates Course 3 9/11/2013 pre a/p

2. Learning objective: learn to work with rates and ratios.

3. Vocabulary rate unit rate unit price

4. A rate is a comparison of two quantities that have different units. 90 3 Ratio: Read as “90 miles per 3 hours.” 90 miles 3 hours Rate:

5. 90 3 The ratio can be simplified by dividing: Unit rates are rates in which the second quantity is 1. 90 3 30 1 = 30 miles, 1 hour unit rate: or 30 mi/h

6. 30 words minute 1 2 30 words • 2 minute • 2 1 2 Additional Example 1: Finding Unit Rates Geoff can type 30 words in half a minute. How many words can he type in 1 minute? Write a rate. Multiply to find words per minute. 60 words 1 minute = Geoff can type 60 words in one minute.

7. Check It Out: Example 1 Penelope can type 90 words in 2 minutes. How many words can she type in 1 minute? 90 words 2 minutes Write a rate. Divide to find words per minute. 90 words ÷ 2 2 minutes ÷ 2 45 words 1 minute = Penelope can type 45 words in one minute.

8. Additional Example 2A: Chemistry Application Five cubic meters of copper has a mass of 44,800 kilograms. What is the density of copper? 44,800 kg 5 m3 Write a rate. 44,800 kg ÷ 5 5 m3 ÷ 5 Divide to find kilograms per 1 m3. 8,960 kg 1 m3 Copper has a density of 8,960 kg/m3.

9. Additional Example 2B: Chemistry Application A piece of gold with a volume of 0.5 cubic meters weighs 9650 kilograms. What is the density of gold? 9650 kg 0.5 m3 Write a rate. 9650 kg • 2 0.5 m3 • 2 Multiply to find kilograms per 1 m3. 19,300 kg 1 m3 Gold has a density of 19,300 kg/m3.

10. Check It Out: Example 2A Four cubic meters of precious metal has a mass of 18,128 kilograms. What is the density of the precious metal? 18,128 kg 4 m3 Write a rate. 18,128 kg ÷ 4 4 m3 ÷ 4 Divide to find kilograms per 1 m3. 4,532 kg 1 m3 Precious metal has a density of 4,532 kg/m3.

11. Check It Out: Example 2B A piece of gem stone with a volume of 0.25 cubic meters weighs 3540 kilograms. What is the density of the gem stone? 3540 kg 0.25 m3 Write a rate. 3540 kg • 4 0.25 m3 • 4 Multiply to find kilograms per 1 m3. 14,160 kg 1 m3 The gem stone has a density of 14,160 kg/m3.

12. 455 students 91 computers 468 students 91 computers  5 students 1 computer  Additional Example 3A: Estimating Unit Rates Estimate each unit rate. 468 students to 91 computers Choose a number close to 468 that is divisible by 91. Divide to find students per computer. 468 students to 91 computers is approximately 5 students per computer.

13. 312 feet 8 seconds 313 feet 8 seconds  39 feet 1 second  Additional Example 3B: Estimating Unit Rates Estimate each unit rate. 313 feet in 8 seconds Choose a number close to 313 that is divisible by 8. Divide to find feet per second. 313 feet to 8 seconds is approximately 39 feet per second.

14. 595 players 85 soccer balls 583 players 85 soccer balls  7 players 1 soccer ball  Check It Out: Example 3A Estimate each unit rate. 583 soccer players to 85 soccer balls. Choose a number close to 583 that is divisible by 85. Divide to find players per soccer ball. 583 soccer players to 85 soccer balls is approximately 7 players per soccer ball.

15. 276 yards 3 hours 271 yards 3 hours  92 yards 1 hour  Check It Out: Example 3B Estimate each unit rate. 271 yards in 3 hours Choose a number close to 271 that is divisible by 3. Divide to find yards per hour. 271 yards to 3 hours is approximately 92 yards per hour.

16. Unit price is a unit rate used to compare price per item.

17. Additional Example 4A: Finding Unit Prices to Compare Costs Pens can be purchased in a 5-pack for $1.95 or a 15-pack for $6.20. Which is the better buy? Divide the price by the number of pens. price for package number of pens $1.95 5 =  $0.39 price for package number of pens $6.20 15 =  $0.41 The better buy is the 5-pack for $1.95.

18. price for jar number of ounces price for jar number of ounces Additional Example 4B: Finding Unit Prices to Compare Costs Jamie can buy a 15-oz jar of peanut butter for $2.19 or a 20-oz jar for $2.78. Which is the better buy? Divide the price by the number of ounces. $2.19 15 =  $0.15 $2.78 20 =  $0.14 The better buy is the 20-oz jar for $2.78.

19. Check It Out: Example 4A Golf balls can be purchased in a 3-pack for $4.95 or a 12-pack for $18.95. Which is the better buy? Divide the price by the number of balls. price for package number of balls $4.95 3 =  $1.65 price for package number of balls $18.95 12  = $1.58 The better buy is the 12-pack for $18.95.

20. price for bottle number of ounces price for bottles number of ounces Check It Out: Example 4B John can buy a 24 oz bottle of ketchup for $2.19 or a 36 oz bottle for $3.79. Which is the better buy? Divide the price by the number of ounces. $2.19 24 =  $0.09 $3.79 36 =  $0.11 The better buy is the 24-oz jar for $2.19.

21. Demonstration of learning part one 1. A penny has a mass of 2.5 g and a volume of approximately 0.360 cm3. What is the approximate density of a penny? 2.Meka can make 6 bracelets per half hour. How many bracelets can she make in 1 hour? Estimate the unit rate. 3. $2.22 for 6 stamps 4. 8 heartbeats in 6 seconds

22. Demonstration of Learning part 2 Determine the better buy. 5. A half dozen carnations for $4.75 or a dozen for $9.24 6. 4 pens for $5.16 or a ten-pack for $12.90.