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MORE HERMENEUTICAL ISSUES IN OLD TESTAMENT PROPHECY

MORE HERMENEUTICAL ISSUES IN OLD TESTAMENT PROPHECY. HOW DID THE OLD TESTAMENT PROPHETS PREDICT JESUS?. The Meaning of “Fulfillment”. Different from our use of the term Application of a passage - Midrash Multiple fulfillments. Categories of Fulfillment. Non-Predictions (Hosea 11:1)

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MORE HERMENEUTICAL ISSUES IN OLD TESTAMENT PROPHECY

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  1. MORE HERMENEUTICAL ISSUES IN OLD TESTAMENT PROPHECY

  2. HOW DID THE OLD TESTAMENT PROPHETS PREDICT JESUS?

  3. The Meaning of “Fulfillment” • Different from our use of the term • Application of a passage - Midrash • Multiple fulfillments

  4. Categories of Fulfillment • Non-Predictions (Hosea 11:1) • Predictions Completed (Isaiah 7:14) • Predictions Incomplete (Jeremiah 31:15) • Predictions Uninitiated (Isaiah 9:1-2; Zechariah 9:9)

  5. Assyrian Invasion In earlier times He treated the land of Zebulun and the land of Naphtali with contempt, But later on He shall make it glorious, by the way of the sea, on the other side of Jordan, Galilee of the Gentiles. The people who walk in darkness Will see a great light; Those who live in a dark land, The light will shine on them. Ministry of Jesus in Galilee  Jerusalem

  6. Zechariah 9:9 Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Zion! Shout in triumph, O daughter of Jerusalem! Behold, your king is coming to you; He is just and endowed with salvation, Humble, and mounted on a donkey, Even on a colt, the foal of a donkey.

  7. Messiah’s First Coming  Messiah’s Second Coming  Babylonian Exile 

  8. Types of Fulfillments • Literal • Figurative • Spiritual

  9. Literal Fulfillments • Ezekiel 26:1-14 and the fall of Tyre • Zechariah 9:9 where the Messiah rides into Jerusalem on a donkey • Psalm 22:18 where the soldiers cast lots for the garments of Jesus

  10. Figurative fulfillments • John 2:19. "Destroy this temple and in three days I will raise it up.” • Psalm 118:22. The stone which the builders rejected • Isaiah 22:22. Key of the House of David • Zechariah 13:7. Strike the shepherd

  11. Spiritual Fulfillments • Isaiah 2:2-3 speaks of the mountain of the house of the Lord • Amos 9:11-12 tells how God will raise up the fallen booth of David, and wall up its breaches and raise up its ruins, and rebuild it as in the days of old

  12. The Purpose of Prophecy • To affect the conduct of those who hear the prophecy • To build faith • To encourage believers who are in the midst of a difficult situation

  13. KEYS TO UNLOCKING PROPHECY • The New Testament is Necessary to Interpreting the Old Testament • The Old Testament is Necessary to Interpreting the New Testament • The Bible is to Interpret our Current Events, not the Reverse • The Symbolic Nature of Dreams and Visions

  14. ARE WE LIVING IN THE LAST DAYS?

  15. The “Latter Days” According to Moses

  16. Judgment for Unfaithfulness Blessings for Faithfulness • Famine • Military Defeat • Fertility • Military Victory Repentance

  17. The “Latter Days” according to Moses

  18. “The Latter Days” in the Early Prophets • Unfaithfulness will lead to Deportation and Exile • Repentance will lead to Return and Restoration • The Last Days will be that time of Eventual Blessing

  19. “The Latter Days” in the Early Prophets

  20. Amos 9:11-12

  21. Additional patterns seen in the Early Prophets • The King • The Temple • The Gentiles

  22. David’s Descendants taken into exile Isaiah 39:6-7. “All that is in your house… shall be carried to Babylon…” A Glorious Throne will be established Jeremiah 3:17. “They shall call Jerusalem, ‘The throne of the Lord…’” The King EXILE RESTORATION

  23. Temple to be Destroyed Micah 3:12. “Zion will be plowed as a field. Jerusalem will become a heap of ruins…” A Glorious Temple will be established Isaiah 2:2. “The mountain of the house of the Lord will be established...” The Temple EXILE RESTORATION

  24. Gentiles Victorious over Israel Gentiles punished for plundering Israel The Gentiles EXILE RESTORATION

  25. Isaiah 2:2

  26. Isaiah 2:3

  27. Isaiah 2:4

  28. The Latter Days in the Later Prophets • Jeremiah taught that the Captivity would be 70 years in duration (Jeremiah 29:10) • After the Captivity there would be a return in the Latter Days (Daniel 2:28) • Daniel and the Prophecy of Jeremiah (Daniel 9)

  29. Daniel 9:13 "As it is written in the law of Moses, all this calamity has come on us; yet we have not sought the favor of the LORD our God by turning from our iniquity and giving attention to Thy truth.”

  30. Leviticus 26:18 “If also after these things, you do not obey Me, then I will punish you seven times more for your sins.”

  31. Haggai 2:21-22 "Speak to Zerubbabel governor of Judah saying, 'I am going to shake the heavens and the earth. 22 'And I will overthrow the thrones of kingdoms and destroy the power of the kingdoms of the nations; and I will overthrow the chariots and their riders, and the horses and their riders will go down, everyone by the sword of another.’”

  32. Haggai 2:23 “On that day,” declares the LORD of hosts, “I will take you, Zerubbabel, son of Shealtiel, My servant,” declares the LORD, “and I will make you like a signet ring, for I have chosen you,” declares the LORD of hosts.

  33. The Latter Days in the New Testament • Jesus and “the favorable year of the Lord” (Luke 4:17-19) • Peter’s understanding of the prophet Joel (Acts 2:14-21) • A Future Promise: In the last days difficult times will come (2 Timothy 3:1)

  34. New Testament Eschatology • Inauguration of the Kingdom • Continuation of the Kingdom • Culmination of the Kingdom

  35. Eternal State • Prophecies of Tribulation and Kingdom fulfilled in this age • Revelation 20 seen as symbolic of kingdom today • Satan bound with reference to his ability to deceive the nations

  36. Full Preterism: “Past” • Partial Preterism

  37. Homework for Next Class • Read Jonah and Hosea • Read Handbook on the Prophets, Pages 406-416 and 336-368 • Read Introduction to the Old Testament Prophets: Chap 29, 25 • Do Study Guide #2 of He Gave Us Prophets from Pratt Video/Audio • No Class next week

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