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Price Ceiling. P. S. A. P1. B. C. P. D. E. P0. F. D. Qs. Q. Qd. Q. Welfare Computation. A Hurricane and the Price of Gas. S’. P. S. P0+ cost in time. P1. P0. D. Q2. Q1. Q0. Q. A Hurricane and the Price of Gas. S’. P. S. P1=P0+cost in time. P0. D. Q1. Q0. Q.
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Price Ceiling P S A P1 B C P D E P0 F D Qs Q Qd Q
A Hurricane and the Price of Gas S’ P S P0+ cost in time P1 P0 D Q2 Q1 Q0 Q
A Hurricane and the Price of Gas S’ P S P1=P0+cost in time P0 D Q1 Q0 Q
Cost of Robbery Social Marginal Cost $ per robbery R$ B A Q Quantity (robberies)
Water-Diamond ParadoxValue Vs Price P P Pd Pw Q Q
Effect of Trade on Welfare • Should the government impose restrictions to commerce (imports and/or exports)? • Who would win and who would lose? • Would the gains exceed the looses?
Opening the economy in an exporting country P Small Country Assumption S Consumer’s Surplus PW P Producer’s Surplus D Qd Q Qs Q Exports
Opening the economy in an importing country P S Consumer’s Surplus P PW Producer’s Surplus D Qs Q Qd Q Imports
Tariff on imported cameras when there exists a domestic industrySmall Country Assumption P S A B P0+$500 C E F D P0 G D Q Qo Q’o Q’1 Q1
Import Quota(limit on quantity of imports) P Domestic Supply Domestic Supply +Imports quota A B Price after quota C E G D F World price H D quota Q Qo Q’o Q’1 Q1
Effect of Trade on Welfare • Should the government impose restrictions to commerce (imports and/or exports)? • Who would win and who would lose? • Would the gains exceed the looses?
Tariff on Imported CamerasSmall Country Assumption-no domestic industry P A P0+$500 S’ B C S P0 D Q Q1 Qo
Tariff on Imported CamerasBig Country-no domestic industry P S’ International Supply S A P1 B C D P0 E+F< or > D E F D Q1 Qo Q