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Extended Catalyst 10/18/10

Extended Catalyst 10/18/10 If you pour together liquids that do not mix they will form layers. Which liquid do you think will sink to the bottom? Why? rubbing alcohol corn syrup honey vegetable oil water Objectives on next slide.

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Extended Catalyst 10/18/10

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  1. Extended Catalyst 10/18/10 If you pour together liquids that do not mix they will form layers. Which liquid do you think will sink to the bottom? Why? rubbing alcohol corn syrup honeyvegetable oil water Objectives on next slide

  2. 1. Given the diagram showing identical levels of gas molecules in different containers, a reasonable inference could be made that there is a relationship between: A. temperature and pressure B. volume and pressureC. temperature and density D. volume and temperature 2. The relationship between the variables in this diagram is best described as what type of relationship? A. Direct B. proportional C. Inverse D. exponential 3. Given the information displayed in the diagram, which equation using the terms p (pressure), V (volume) and k (constant value) best describes the relationship between the variables? A. V=p/k B.pV=kC.pk=V² D. k=p/V ACT Practice Catalyst 10/18/10 Objective on next slide

  3. Agenda & Objectives- 1 & 2 Objectives: • Determine relative densities of substances using layering information.   • Determine density, mass, and volume of substances. Agenda: Density guided notes & activities Homework: Complete questions on back of guided notes

  4. Agenda & Objectives- 4, 5 & 7 Objectives: • Determine relative densities of substances using layering information.   • Determine density, mass, and volume of substances. Agenda: • Catalyst (7) • Complete density guided notes (15) • Independently complete back of guided notes (10) • Density calculation practice (15) Homework: Density problem worksheet

  5. Liquid Layers • If you pour together liquids that don’t mix and have different densities, they will form liquid layers. • The liquid with the highest density will sink to the bottom. • The liquid with the lowest density will float on top.

  6. Density is the measure the amount of stuff in a given space. More scientifically, it is the amount of massin a given volume All substances have density including liquids, solids, and gases What is Density?

  7. “Compactness” Low density High Density

  8. In terms of our density column…. rubbing alcohol baby oil vegetable oil water corn syrup honey

  9. Density and Atomic Mass Atoms that have higher atomic numbers have greater mass. Materials with atoms of higher atomic mass can have fewer atoms for a given volume, but still have greater density. A Sulfur atom has about 32 times the mass of a Hydrogen atom. This means that a piece of Sulfur would be denser than Hydrogen unless the Hydrogen was greatly compressed.

  10. Molecular Structure The structure of the molecule affects density. Molecules may have structures that force atoms further apart leading to lower density. Liquid Water Solid Water (Ice)

  11. To find the density of an object 1- Find the mass of the object 2- Find the volume of the object 3- Divide Density = Mass Volume

  12. Units for density g/cm3 or g/ml M = mass V= volume D = density M = D x V V = M / D D = M / V

  13. How do you find mass? • Scale • Balance with known weights • Mass v. Weight • Mass is a property that does not change whereas weight depends on the pull of gravity. • On earth, we generally use weight as a measure of mass but that only works at this gravity.

  14. How do you find volume? • Regular Shapes • Ruler • Irregular Shapes/liquids • Graduated cylinder

  15. What about our density column? rubbing alcohol baby oil vegetable oil water corn syrup honey • If we used the same volume of each liquid, which would weigh the most? • If we weighed out the same mass of each liquid, which would have the most volume? • Water has a density of 1 g/mL. Which liquids would have a density of more than 1 g/mL?

  16. Please complete the rest of the sheet. Feel free to work cooperatively and ask for help if you need it 

  17. Calculating density, mass and volume Using the density triangle: Cover up what you want to find and what’s left is the formula! • D= M/V • M=D X V • V=M/D Remember units must be g/ml or g/cm3 for density, ml or cm3 for volume and g for mass. Conversions/calculations may be necessary!

  18. Density Calculation • 252 mL of a solution with a mass of 500 g • Are the units right? • yes • What am I looking for and what is the formula? • Density, D=M/V • D = 500 g/ 252 mL = 1.98 • Units? g/mL • 1.98 g/mL

  19. Mass Calculations • A solid with a density of 2.65 g/mL and dimensions of 2.5 cm x 2.5 cm x 2.5 cm • Are the units right? • No, need to calculate volume • 2.5*2.5*2.5 =15.625 cm3 • What am I looking for and what is the formula? • Mass, M=D*V • M = 2.65 * 15.625 = 41.4 • Units? 41.4 g • 41.4 g

  20. Volume Calculations • A 3.400 kg solid with a density of 10.74 g/mL • Are the units right? • No, need to convert mass • 3.400 kg = 3400 g • What am I looking for and what is the formula? • Volume, V=M/D • V = 3400/10.74 = 316.57 • Units? mL • 316.6 mL

  21. Mixed Practice • 50.0 mg of a gas which occupies a volume of 0.0064 L • 7.8 x 10-3 g/mL or 0.0078 g/ml • 26.5 g of a solution with a density of 7.48 g/mL • 3.54 mL • A 6.75 g solid with a volume of 5.35 cm3 • 1.26 g/mL • A solid with a volume of 1.68 cm3 and a density of 9.2 g/mL • 15.46g • An 80 mL aliquot of a solution with a density of 5.80 g/cm3 •  464 g

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