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Percent of Persons Killed in Crashes with BACs=.08 or Greater

Percent of Persons Killed in Crashes with BACs=.08 or Greater. NHTSA FARS Encyclopedia: Trends-Alcohol. MARIJUANA’S EFFECTS ON ABILITIES RELATED TO DRIVING. Skills related to driving performance are impaired as THC blood level increases.

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Percent of Persons Killed in Crashes with BACs=.08 or Greater

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  1. Percent of Persons Killed in Crashes with BACs=.08 or Greater NHTSA FARS Encyclopedia: Trends-Alcohol

  2. MARIJUANA’S EFFECTS ON ABILITIES RELATED TO DRIVING • Skills related to driving performance are impaired as THC blood level increases. • Marijuana affects driver’s attentiveness, perception of time and speed, and ability to draw on past driving experiences. • Impairment increases when marijuana is combined with alcohol.

  3. Drugs Increased Odds of Fatal Crash Responsibility * Alcohol >.05 5.7 Marijuana 3.0 Alcohol & Marijuana 19.0 FATAL CRASH RESPONSIBILITY OF DRIVERS USING ALCOHOL & MARIJUANA * Compared to sober risk of responsibility. B-24 41

  4. EFFECTS OF STIMULANTS ON ABILITIES RELATED TO DRIVING • Stimulants include cocaine, MDMA,methamphetamine, Adderall. • Low doses may enhance alertness, but prolonged use results in sleep deprivation, paranoia, aggression. • Some evidence of psychomotor and cognitive impairment in attention, perception and memory with MDMA use. • Cocaine associated with speeding, losing vehicle control, high-risk behaviors, aggressive driving, inattentive driving.

  5. EFFECTS OF DOWNERS ON ABILITIES RELATED TO DRIVING • Downers include benzodiazepines (Xanax, Valium), sedatives (Ambien), tranquilizers, and barbiturates. • Level of risk varies with type of downer and how long driver has been using it (risk greater when first start using). • Valium produces significant driving impairment over multiple doses. • Crash risk is 1.6 to 5 times that of driver with no drugs. • Slower reaction time, reduced vigilance, impaired attention tasks and cognition.

  6. EFFECTS OF OPIATES ON ABILITIES RELATED TO DRIVING • Opioids (heroin, Vicodin, OxyContin, morphine, codeine) produce mental clouding, calmness, and drowsiness. • Impairment varies by type of opioid used, route of administration, and tolerance. • Effects include slow driving, weaving, poor vehicle control, slow response to stimuli, falling asleep.

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