New England Puritans & Pilgrims

1. New England Puritans & Pilgrims

2. What you need to know • Locate/identify Massachusetts, Rhode Isl, Connecticut & New Hampshire colonies • Difference between Pilgrims & Puritans • Town meetings • Mayflower Compact • Fundamental Orders of Connecticut • Roger Williams and Rhode Island • The Halfway Covenant

3. Puritans—Background • Group wanted to purify the Church of England (while remaining members) • Didn’t believe in big organization controlling local congregations • Believed people could experience God personally – conversion experiences • Believed church was too close to Catholics, should be simpler

4. The Pilgrims • Separatists – wanted complete separation from Church of England • Didn’t believe church could be fixed • Discriminated against – went to America for freedom of religion

5. The Pilgrims • Came to America aboard the Mayflower • While on boat, men signed Mayflower Compact – agreement on rules for colony • 1620 – landed on Plymouth Rock, called colony Plymouth Colony

6. Massachusetts Bay Co. • 1630 – Joint Stock company set up by John Winthrop • Brought many Puritans from England • Set up capital in Boston • Absorbed Plymouth Colony

7. Massachusetts Bay Co. • Created government to rule colony • Only company stockholders & adult male church members could vote • Children of members were not full church members • Halfway covenant – allowed children of members to have some rights

8. Massachusetts Bay Co. • No separation of church & state • Criminal laws very strict • Examples of crimes: drunkenness, idleness, swearing • Took children away from parents if they misbehaved

9. Massachusetts Bay Co. • Allowed small towns to rule over themselves • Many areas had town meetings –regular people allowed to make decisions elected reps usually make

10. Roger Williams • Puritan minister • Argued that Puritans were hypocrites • Came to America for religious freedom • Then took away others’ freedom by giving rights only to members of their religion • Also said that English had no right to take Indian land – must purchase it • Got banished (threatened imprisonment)

11. Roger Williams • Left Puritans, started Baptist church • Left Massachusetts, traveled a few miles south • Founded colony of Rhode Island • Colony had absolute religious freedom • No religious group ran colony govt

12. Anne Hutchinson • Thought that people didn’t need ministers to tell them what to believe • Church banished her from colony • She went to Rhode Island for freedom

13. Connecticut • Puritans sent groups to settle further down the coast • Fundamental Orders of Connecticut • 1st written constitution in America

14. Native Resistance • Nativesthought land treaties were agreements to share use of land • Colonists thought of land treaties as agreements that change owners permanently • Resulted in many arguments that became battles

15. Native Resistance • Pequot War • Colonists fought against Pequot tribe • Colonists fought alongside Narragansett • Colonists massacred Pequots, killed unarmed women & children • Seriously upset Narragansett allies

16. Native Resistance • King Philip’s War • Metacom was chief of a nearby tribe • Colonists called him King Philip • Fought over a year against colonists

17. Native Resistance • King Philip’s War • Heavy casualties for both sides • Eventually Puritans won war, cut off Metacom’s head, displayed it on a spike FOR TWENTY YEARS

18. What you need to know • Locate/identify Massachusetts, Rhode Isl, Connecticut & New Hampshire colonies • Difference between Pilgrims & Puritans • Town meetings • Mayflower Compact • Fundamental Orders of Connecticut • Roger Williams and Rhode Island • The Halfway Covenant