INTERTANKO ASIAN PANEL MEETING 2002

1. INTERTANKO ASIAN PANEL MEETING 2002

2. INTERTANKOASIAN PANEL MEETING 2002 COOPERATION WITH REGIONAL MARITIME AUTHORITIES.... IS THERE ROOM FOR MORE PLAYERS ? BY SHIMURA TADASHI GENERAL MANAGER NIPPON MARITIME CENTER 16 RAFFLES QUAY #27-03 HONG LEONG BUILDING SINGAPORE 048581, SINGAPORE E-mail : nmc.info@nmc.com.sg RAFFLES HOTEL, SINGAPORE 15th OCTOBER 2002 2 INTERTANKO ASIAN PANEL MEETING 2002

3. DISCLAIMER The opinions herein are expressed by the author in his private capacity. 3 INTERTANKO ASIAN PANEL MEETING 2002

4. PRESENTATION SYNOPSIS 1.0 Characteristics of Malacca/Singapore Straits 2.0 Regional Maritime authorities and their co-operative efforts in shipping safety and marine environment protection. 3.0 Recent and further improvements needed to reduce maritime casualties in the Straits 4.0 Specific details of Japanese Co-operation INTERTANKO ASIAN PANEL MEETING 2002 4

5. 1.0 MALACCA STRAITS Depths/Widths • The Usual Route for VLCC’s from Middle East to East Asia • Northern half has deep water, but Southern half has a 2-Lane ship routeing system (known as traffic separation scheme TSS) • It is the longest stretch of such a TSS in the world, extending 263 sea miles ! • Depths on Eastbound Lane are 23.0 metres, Westbound Lane 16.0 metres 5 INTERTANKO ASIAN PANEL MEETING 2002

6. 1.1 MALACCA STRAITS Depths/Widths • Two Deep Water routes in Eastbound Lane where not possible to have 23.0 metres depth • Average VLCC is 330 metres long. • Large vessels need to navigate between narrows One Fathom Bank Beacons (1400 metres) Takong Beacons (800 metres) West bound lane Singapore Strait (530 metres) • Once a fully laden VLCC enters the TSS from west, she has to complete the passage; there is no turning back ! 6 INTERTANKO ASIAN PANEL MEETING 2002

7. ALL SHIPS PASSING MUST MAINTAIN 3.5 METRES UNDERKEEL CLEARANCE (UKC) 1.2 MALACCA STRAITS Passage Source : Nippon Maritime Center 7 INTERTANKO ASIAN PANEL MEETING 2002

8. Tidal ‘tail’ of over 5 kilometer/hour ! 1.3 MALACCA AND SINGAPORE STRAITS, Narrow Straits & Strong Tides Source : Nippon Maritime Center 8 INTERTANKO ASIAN PANEL MEETING 2002

9. 1.4 Oil Dependency in Percentage Terms 9 Source : APERC INTERTANKO ASIAN PANEL MEETING 2002

10. 1.5 Net Oil Imports(>0) and Exports (<0) 10 Source : APERC INTERTANKO ASIAN PANEL MEETING 2002

11. 1.6 MALACCA STRAITS, Shipping Traffic BASED ON TO VESSEL TRAFFIC SYSTEM (PER DAY) 1999 2000 (153) 2001 (162) VLCC/DEEP DRAUGHT VESSELS 2027 3163 3303 CRUDE / PRODUCT TANKERS 11474 13343 14276 LNG / LPG 2473 2962 3086 SUBTOTAL OF TANKERS 15974 19468 20665 ALL OTHER TRAFFIC 27991 36499 38649 TOTAL REPORTING TRAFFIC 43965 55967 59314 PERCENTAGE OF TANKERS 36% 35% 35% Source : MARINE DEPARTMENT PENINSULAR MALAYSIA 11 INTERTANKO ASIAN PANEL MEETING 2002

12. 1.7 Pre December 1998 (Before Continuous TSS), Eight COLLISIONS in 2 Months Source : Nippon Maritime Center 12 INTERTANKO ASIAN PANEL MEETING 2002

13. 4 3 5 6 1.8Post December 1998 (After Continuous TSS), Six COLLISIONS in the last 3 Years N Idaman/ Champion Peace 20th October 2000 Norgas Discoverer/Greek Fighter 15th June 2000 Yong Ann 2/B Melawis 2 23th November 2000 New Venture/Maritime Fidelity 1st July 1999 Graceous/Lula 1 19th October 1999 Rowan/Singapura Timur 28th May 2001 1 2 Source : Nippon Maritime Center 13 INTERTANKO ASIAN PANEL MEETING 2002

14. 1.9 MALACCA AND SINGAPORE STRAITSSTILL THE BEST OPTION ? YES, BECAUSE OF THESE BENEFITS • BETTER SURVEYED AND RELIABLE MAPPING • RELIABLE NAVIGATIONAL AIDS, VISUAL AND ELECTRONIC • READILY AVAILABLE EMERGENCY RESPONSE SYSTEM • GOOD SUPPORT FACILITIES FOR SHIPPING e.g CREW CHANGE, BUNKERS, REPAIRS, PORT FACILITIES, TRANSHIPMENT • SHORTER DISTANCE e.g ADEN TO YOKOHAMA VIA MALACCA STRAIT =6535 miles, 21 DAYS 19 HRS at 12.5kts VIA SUNDA STRAIT =7165 miles, 23 DAYS 21 HRS at 12.5kts VIA LOMBOK STRAIT= 7549 miles, 25 DAYS 04 HRS at 12.5kts 14 INTERTANKO ASIAN PANEL MEETING 2002

15. 2.0 Regional Maritime Authorities Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore enjoy maritime co-operation which include the following : • 1. Harmonizing key International Maritime Organization (IMO) Regulations for safe transit through Malacca Straits • 2. The Tripartite Technical Experts Group (TTEG) on the Safety of Navigation in the Straits of Malacca and Singapore, 1975. • 3. The Standard Operating Procedure for Joint Oil Spill Combat in the Straits of Malacca and Singapore (SOP), 1984 • 4. The Agreement for Facilitation of Search of Ships in Distress and Rescue of Survivors of Ship Accidents, 1975 • 5. Various Co-operation under the ASEAN, ASEAN-JAPAN, ASEAN+3, Framework 15 INTERTANKO ASIAN PANEL MEETING 2002

16. 2.1 Recent Improvement to reduce maritime casualties in Straits of Malacca • Extended Traffic Separation Scheme from One Fathom Bank to Horsburgh since 1st December 1998 • Mandatory ship reporting scheme for vessels over 300 gross tonne using the Straits since 1st December 1998 • Continuous radar coverage in the Malacca and Singapore Straits since 1st December 1998 • IMO-adopted Rules for Vessels Navigating through the Straits of Malacca and Singapore 16 INTERTANKO ASIAN PANEL MEETING 2002

17. 2.2 Recent Improvement to reduce maritime casualties in Straits of Malacca • Differential GPS stations which allows position fixing accuracy better than 20 metre, voluntarily established by Malaysia and Singapore. • Continuous listening watch by ships on appropriate VHF radio channels throughout the Straits • Speed limits at some stretches of the Straits for certain vessels. 17 INTERTANKO ASIAN PANEL MEETING 2002

18. 3.0 Further Improvements that could reduce maritime casualties in the Straits of Malacca • Several projects including proposed widening of certain narrow stretches of the Singapore Straits and further extension of TSS to northern portion of Malacca Straits, if the ‘Burden Sharing’ proposal under UNCLOS Article 43 is more widely received by international community • The International Maritime Organization (IMO)’s Marine Electronic Highway Project 18 INTERTANKO ASIAN PANEL MEETING 2002

19. User States and States bordering a strait should by agreement cooperate: In the establishment and maintenance in a strait of necessary navigational and safety aids or other improvements in aid of international navigation; For the prevention, reduction and control of pollution from ships 3.1 UNCLOS ARTICLE 43 19 INTERTANKO ASIAN PANEL MEETING 2002

20. 4.0 Co-operation with Regional Maritime Authorities There are several Japanese agencies that extend co-operation in the regional maritime safety and marine environment matters. This is not a complete list. These several organizations are 1. The Nippon Foundation 2. Petroleum Association of Japan 3. Malacca Strait Council 4. The Japan Association of Marine Safety. 5. Japan International Cooperation Agency 6. other Government and Non-Governmental agencies 20 INTERTANKO ASIAN PANEL MEETING 2002

21. 4.1 GENERAL Source : Nippon Maritime Center 21 INTERTANKO ASIAN PANEL MEETING 2002

22. 4.2 GENERAL Source : Nippon Maritime Center 22 INTERTANKO ASIAN PANEL MEETING 2002