Kidney Structure & Function

1. Kidney Structure & Function Objectives: *Describe the internal structure of kidney **Describe the structure of a kidney tubule ***Describe the role of kidney tubule in excretion

2. cortex Brown outer area renal vein renal artery pyramid pelvis White area ureter medulla Reddish inner area A vertical section of kidney

5. first coiled second coiled Bowman's tubule tubule capsule from renal artery from another nephron to renal vein loop of Henle glomerulus Closely packed group of capillaries collecting duct End of the tubule goes through the medulla and empties into the pelvis Structure of kidney tubule (nephron) urine

6. At one end is a cup-like structure called the Bowman's capsule. It encloses a knot of capillaries called the glomerulus. These capillaries are leaky and small molecules get filtered out and end up inside the Bowman's capsule. This process is called ultrafiltration. If nothing else happens then the materials, such as water and urea, will end up going all the way through the nephron, down the ureter, through the bladder and out of the body. However, sometimes the body needs to grab back chemicals such as water and glucose which are still useful. This happens when they move out of the fluid in the nephron back into the capillary network that twists around the nephron. This process is called reabsorption. Reabsorption means that the useful chemicals are taken back into the blood out of the nephron. They do not end up in the urine and are not lost by the body.

8. 1.Supply the missing words in the following paragraph: Blood is taken to the kidney in the ________ artery, which divides up into many arterioles. The arterioles enter the_______ of the kidney and supply thousands of glomeruli. In each glomerulus, ________ forces plasma minus its________ out of the capillaries, and it collects in the _________This liquid passes down the________ where __________, ___________and _________ are reabsorbed into the blood. The remaining liquid, called _________. passes down the ____________and collects in the___________ before being expelled from the body. Bladder, Cortex, Renal , Proteins , Glucose, Water , Renal Tubule , Ureter, Blood Pressure, Bowman’ Capsule , Salts , Urine 2. In hot weather the urine becomes (a) more concentrated and lighter in colour; (b) more concentrated and darker in colour (c) less concentrated and lighter in colour (d) 1ess concentrated and darker in colour. 3. Which of the following substances would you not normally expect to find in a sample of urine? (a) uric acid, (b) ammonia, (c) glucose, (d) sodium chloride, (e) urea.

9. 1The missing words are (A) renal, (B) cortex, (C) blood pressure, (D) proteins, (E) Bowman's capsule (or renal capsule), (F) renal tubule, (G) glucose, (H) salts, (I) water, (J) urine, (K) ureter, (L) bladder. 2 (b) In hot weather, urine becomes more concentrated and darker in colour. 3 (c) You would not normally expect to find glucose in a urine sample.