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Internet

Internet. جامعة أم القرى قسم السنة التحضيريه اعداد: أعضاء هيئة التدريس. Talk Flow!. Introduction to the Internet Brief history Explaining basic protocols Naming on the net HTML Using search engines. What is the Internet?. A Network of Computer Networks Started as early as the 1960s

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Internet

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  1. Internet جامعة أم القرى قسم السنة التحضيريه اعداد: أعضاء هيئة التدريس

  2. Talk Flow! • Introduction to the Internet • Brief history • Explaining basic protocols • Naming on the net • HTML • Using search engines

  3. What is the Internet? • A Network of Computer Networks • Started as early as the 1960s • Built to work even if a large part of the network fails • Intranet is not the same as Internet • Decentralized Client – Server model • Supported by various gateways and high speed backbone connections.

  4. T3 Backbone Network Network T3 Backbone Internet T3 Backbone Internet Internet

  5. World Wide Web? • A part of the Internet • www1, www2 etc., • Based on hypertext and hypertext transfer protocol (HTML & HTTP) • Http says how to pass the info, HTML says how to organize the raw data and present it at the other side. • Supports multiple media – Multimedia • Interactive, dynamic HTML • Dynamic HTML is a collective term for a combination of Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) tags and options that can make Web pages more animated and interactive than previous versions of HTML.

  6. Who owns the Internet? • The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) oversees registrations. • InterNIC—central service to reserve domain names (lots of issues arising with “cyberquatting…” • Whois – domain name lookup

  7. Brief History of the Internet • 1960s - Department of Defense initiative ARPANET • 1973 - ARPA launches the Internetting Project to explore the possibilities of linking networks • 1980 – First Virus halts the Internet • 1984 – DNS Introduced (Names rather than numbers) • 1999 – Internet Banking

  8. Services through the net • Major services: • Email – Electronic Mail • FTP – File Transfer Protocol • Gopher • Newsgroups • Telnet – Remote session • WAIS – Wide Area Information System • WWW – World Wide Web

  9. How to read an URL • http://www.blast.ncbl.org/sequence/virtual.htm • http = the protocol • www = the host computer or server name • blast = third level domain • ncbl = second level domain • org = top level domain • sequence = directory name • virtual = file name • htm = file type / extension

  10. Getting a Domain Name? • Top Domains: • edu – Educational Institutions • com – Company / Commercial Organizations • org – Non-profit Organizations • net – Network, network of sites • mil – Military Installations • gov – Government sites • Sub Domains: • in - India • jp - Japan • uk – United Kingdom

  11. Identifying a PC on the Internet • IP Number • 220.226.64.35 • 10.15.3.20 (Intranet, Local IP) • To find your IP number on Windows • Execute ipconfig on your command prompt – XP • winipcgf - 98

  12. Bandwidth • Speed of data transfer through the network • Access through: • 28.8 bps (bits per second) modem • 56.6 modem • ISDN • T1/T3 – High speed • Cable • DSL

  13. Hypertext • Hypertext, a method of preparing text that allows readers to choose their own pathways through the material, is invented by Ted Nelson. • The underlined word represents a hyperlink that lets the reader click and jump to a new page. • Provides interactive browsing

  14. Creating Web Documents • Editors: • WYSIWYG • Frontpage, Dreamweaver or N-Vu • Text • Notepad • Word processors • MS - Word

  15. Browsers and Specifications • Browser software allows us to view, hear, retrieve information created for the web • Internet Explorer, Netscape Navigator, Lynx • For design, you must check pages in both browsers, with different versions

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