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Intro to Ecology

Intro to Ecology. Organisms and their Environments Ms. Batie. Objectives. Know simple laws of matter Know 2 simple laws of energy Understand 3 big elemental cycles Distinguish between a food web, chain and pyramid Understand the impact of humans on ecology. Law of Conservation of Matter.

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Intro to Ecology

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  1. Intro to Ecology Organisms and their Environments Ms. Batie

  2. Objectives Know simple laws of matter Know 2 simple laws of energy Understand 3 big elemental cycles Distinguish between a food web, chain and pyramid Understand the impact of humans on ecology

  3. Law of Conservation of Matter Matter can change form, but cannot be created or destroyed by ordinary processes.

  4. Antelope – how will it change form? what matter will it use?

  5. Examples in Ecology • Organisms use what they need, ONLY • Little waste is generated • Waste is recycled

  6. Energy – do work; force • On earth, it starts with the SUN • Energy cannot be recycled, but can be stored • It is stored in plants, water, land, atmosphere

  7. First Law of Energy Energy cannot be created or destroyed! It can be converted from one form to another!

  8. Forms of Energy Radiant Energy – from the sun; leads to Chemical Energy – photosynthesis; leads to Kinetic Energy – animals able to move; leads to Thermal Energy – burning of fuel from dead animals; Electrical Energy – power of forced electrons

  9. Second Law of Energy When energy changes forms, some energy is lost as heat.

  10. Mammal Example Energy converted chemically from plant to sugars, fats, carbohydrates Energy changed forms – lose heat Heat is trapped! Fur, skin, blubber and fat inside the body cavity How animal survives North Dakota

  11. Elemental Cycles Follow rules of matter and energy Flow of elements from living organisms to nonliving matter Animals and Plants play a role in each cycle

  12. Carbon Cycle – most abundant

  13. Nitrogen Cycle – important to crops & breathing

  14. Water Cycle – important to life

  15. How do you fit in “the” cycle? Would you like to do something creative?

  16. Food ‘Things’ The difference between a chain, a web and a pyramid

  17. Food Chain • Sequence • Producers • Herbivores (a.k.a. Primary Consumers) • Carnivores (a.k.a. Secondary Consumers) • Has a beginning and an end

  18. Food Web • A food chain with interwoven parts and pieces • Circular or not… • Predators are at the top of the “food WEB” • When a new organism is introduced, it affects EVERYONE

  19. Food Pyramid • Food chain with rankings based on dominance

  20. Where do humans fit in? Please, some discussion here would be nice: do we belong? Have we gone and messed things up? How do we fix it?

  21. More Ways Humans Have Screwed it Up Industrial wastes, pollutants, solid wastes, pesticides, hazardous materials and petroleum

  22. Wastes and Pollutants Water Air

  23. More Bad Stuff Pesticides Petroleum

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