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Electromagnetic Energy

Electromagnetic Energy. Energy. Energy: The ability to do work Earth has two sources of heat energy: External source: The energy provided by the sun Internal source: The decay of radioactive substances and compression inside the Earth. Electromagnetic Energy.

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Electromagnetic Energy

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  1. Electromagnetic Energy

  2. Energy • Energy: The ability to do work • Earth has two sources of heat energy: • External source: The energy provided by the sun • Internal source: The decay of radioactive substances and compression inside the Earth

  3. Electromagnetic Energy • Electromagnetic Energy: a type of energy that is given off in the form of transverse waves from all matter not at absolute zero • Transverse waves: vibrate at 90 degree angles to the direction in which they are moving • Visible light is the type of electromagnetic energy that we are most familiar with

  4. ESRT page 14

  5. Some Definitions • Wavelength: The distance from one crest to the next crest or the distance between any two corresponding points on two consecutive waves

  6. Electromagnetic waves and us • Visible light is the only part of the electromagnetic spectrum that can been seen by humans • Infrared energy is often felt due to its heating effects • Ultraviolet waves causes the skin to tan or burn

  7. Interactions Between Electromagnetic Energy and an Environment • Electromagnetic waves can interact with a material by: a. Refraction: bending in the wave causing a change in direction, caused by varying density

  8. b. reflection: bouncing off of the material

  9. c. scattered, or refracted and/or reflected in various directions d. Transmission through the material e. Absorption or taken into the material

  10. Energy absorption Dark-colored, rough surfaces absorb more sunlight than light-colored shiny surfaces Dark objects are better at radiating heat energy than lighter objects If 2 nearly identical cups of hot water were left outside at night, the darker one would cool faster

  11. Texture • The rougher the surface is, the more energy it will absorb and the less it will reflect • Example: mirrors are smooth so they are shiny, therefore reflecting most of the incoming visible light

  12. Land and water Land warms up and cools down faster than water Good absorbers of energy are good radiators of energy (land)- that means the faster something heats up, the faster it cools down

  13. Why is it cold at the poles? Snow and ice reflect much of the insolation back into space The sun is always low in the sky so sunlight is less concentrated The sunlight has to travel through more of the atmosphere because it is low in the sky

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