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Skills Unit: Wilderness First Aid

Skills Unit: Wilderness First Aid. Skill 6/17 : Major Bleeding. Learnin g Intention: To practise how to recognise and treat major bleeding. Success Criteria: By the end of this session everyone should be able to: recognise and safely treat a major bleed;

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Skills Unit: Wilderness First Aid

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  1. Skills Unit: Wilderness First Aid

  2. Skill 6/17: Major Bleeding

  3. LearningIntention: • To practise how to recognise and treat major bleeding

  4. Success Criteria: • By the end of this session everyone should be able to: • recognise and safely treat a major bleed; • understand and minimise the risk of cross-infection to both the casualty and the first aider.

  5. Activities: • Presentation/Discussion: Major Bleeding (10) • Demonstration (5) • Practical (20) • Review Success Criteria (5)

  6. What is major bleeding? • Blood running freely or spurting e.g. from a deep wound or artery • Internal bleeding • Immediate danger: blood loss • Secondary risk: infection • Other symptoms: increased heart/breathing rate; clamminess, shock, fainting

  7. Treatment • Put on disposable gloves (if available) • Sit (or lie) casualty down • Examine • ELEVATE & APPLY PRESSURE

  8. Treatment • Cover with large sterile pad(s) + bandage(s) • If not enough dressings, or if dressings bleed through, improvise (anything absorbent will do e.g. towel, fleece) • This is a MEDICAL EMERGENCY: contact supervisor/999

  9. Complications • If there is a foreign object in the wound that you cannot remove without pulling, leave it alone & apply a ring bandage if possible. • Puncture and gunshot wounds may have both an entry & an exit wound • Outdoor clothing is often waterproof & may conceal pooling blood.

  10. Video Clips: How to Stop Bleeding (2.39) First Aid: Major Bleeding (7.37)

  11. Questions?

  12. Checklist for Observers: • Did they ASSESS the situation? • Did they approach the casualty safely? • Conscious Casualty: Did they ask relevant questions? • Unconscious Casualty: Did they check BREATHING/CIRCULATION • Did they COMMUNICATE appropriately? • Did they TAKE appropriate ACTION e.g. treat the casualty effectively (SEEP!) Practical: Group A: 1 Casualty 3 Observers Group B: First Aiders

  13. Next Session: Skills 7/17: Breaks & Sprains I

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