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TWO EARTHQUAKES SEVERELY CUT NEW ZEALAND’S 2011 ECONOMIC GROWTH

TWO EARTHQUAKES SEVERELY CUT NEW ZEALAND’S 2011 ECONOMIC GROWTH . A DEEP (33 KM) M7.1 AND A SHALLOW (4 KM) M6.3 QUAKE SIX MONTHS APART COMBINE TO HALF NEW ZEALAND’S ECONOMIC GROWTH . Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA.

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TWO EARTHQUAKES SEVERELY CUT NEW ZEALAND’S 2011 ECONOMIC GROWTH

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  1. TWO EARTHQUAKES SEVERELY CUT NEW ZEALAND’S 2011 ECONOMIC GROWTH A DEEP (33 KM) M7.1 AND A SHALLOW (4 KM) M6.3 QUAKE SIX MONTHS APART COMBINE TO HALF NEW ZEALAND’S ECONOMIC GROWTH Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA

  2. ECONOMIC IMPACT • The New Zealand Government's Treasury on Sunday, March 6threleased an estimate that February's magnitude 6.3 quake, combined with September's magnitude 7.1 temblor, would cost around 15 billion New Zealand dollars ($11 billion).

  3. Natural Phenomena that Cause Disasters Planet Earth’s Restlessness Causes Movement of Tectonic Plates: • Earthquakes

  4. LOCATION MAP: CHRISTCHURCH

  5. THE INDO-AUSTRALIA AND PACIFIC SUBDUCTION ZONE

  6. FAULT ZONES IN VICINITY OF NEW ZEALAND

  7. M7.1 EARTHQUAKE STRIKES NEAR CHRISTCHURCH, NEW ZEALAND A DEEP (33 KM) QUAKE LOCATED 50 KMFROM CHRISTCHURCH STRUCK AT 4:00 AM SEPTEMBER 4, 2010

  8. EXTENSIVE DAMAGE, BUT NO DEATHS • The earthquake caused extensive damage to buildings and infrastructure, but no deaths.

  9. DAMAGE: DOWNTOWN CHRISTCHURCH

  10. CHRISTCHURCH: DAMAGE SEPT 4, 2010

  11. DAMAGE: BEFORE AND AFTER

  12. RAIL LINES

  13. NEW ZEALAND MOTORWAY

  14. LANDSLIDE

  15. EARTHQUAKE STRIKES CHRISTCHURCH, NEW ZEALAND A SHALLOW (4.1 KM), M6.3 QUAKE LOCATED 5 KM FROM CHRISTCHURCH (USGS) STRUCK AT NOON ON FEBRUARY 24TH

  16. THIS QUAKE: AN AFTERSHOCK OF THE 4 SEPT 2010 QUAKE • Christchurch was hit by hundreds of aftershocks after the M7.1 earthquake of 4 September 2010, which caused extensive damage and injuries, but no deaths.

  17. EPICENTRES OF THE TWO EARTHQUAKES

  18. SEISMICITY MAP: VICINITY OF CHRISTCHURCH

  19. PHILIPPINO SEISMOLOGIST: LOOKS AT SEISMOGRAMS IN MANILA

  20. THE 4.1-KM DEPTH MADE THIS EARTHQUAKE MORE DAMAGING

  21. SOCIETAL IMPACTS EXACER-BATED BY SHALLOW DEPTH • Strong ground shaking toppled tall buildings and churches on a busy weekday, killing at least 166 people, severing communi-cation lines, and leaving the centre of the city looking like “a war zone” and unusable.

  22. INTENSITY MAP: CHRISTCHURCH

  23. CHRISTCHURCH CITY CENTRE: “A WAR ZONE”

  24. CHRISTCHURCH CITY CENTRE: “A WAR ZONE”

  25. CHRISTCHURCH CITY CENTRE: “A WAR ZONE”

  26. PYNE GOULD GUINESS BUILDING: COLLAPSED

  27. COLLAPSED BUILDING; CHRISTCHURCH

  28. DAMAGE: CHRISTCHURCH CATHOLIC CATHEDRAL

  29. COLLAPSE: A BAPTIST CHURCH

  30. CRUSHED CARS: CHRISTCHURCH

  31. BARACADED BUILDING; CHRISTCHURCH

  32. INTERIOR CONTENTS

  33. TRAPPED IN RUBBLE • More than 100 people, including as many as a dozen visiting Japanese students, are thought to be trapped in the rubble.

  34. SEARCH AND RESCUE • Despite darkness and drizzling rain, rescue crews with sniffer dogs (and eventually heavy equipment) fanned out across the city in search of survivors, some of whom were sending text and phone messages from beneath the rubble.

  35. SEARCH AND RESCUE WORKERS

  36. UNUSUAL PHYSICAL IMPACTS • 40 million tons of ice were separated from Tasman Glacier located 120 mi from the epicentre, and flooding occurred in Bexley, a suburb of Christchurch.

  37. 40 MILLION TON ICE CHUNK DISLODGED FROM TASMAN GLACIER

  38. DISLODGED ICE IN TASMAN LAKE

  39. CHRISTCHURCH SUBURB, BEXLEY, FLOODED

  40. RISK ASSESSMENT • VULNERABILITY • EXPOSURE • EVENT • COST • BENEFIT EARTH-QUAKES EXPECTED LOSS POLICY ADOPTION • CONSEQUENCES POLICY ASSESSMENT TIME FOR A NEW EARTHQUAKE SCENARIO AND A POLICY REVIEW: TOWARDS DISASTER RISK REDUCTION

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