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Chapter 7

Chapter 7. Give Me Liberty. ACCOMPLISHMENTS OF ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION. Established National governments ability to wage war, sign treaties, coin money, run post office Land Ordinance of 1785 Sale of land 36 sections of one square mile (640 acres)

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Chapter 7

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  1. Chapter 7 Give Me Liberty

  2. ACCOMPLISHMENTS OF ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION • Established National governments ability to wage war, sign treaties, coin money, run post office • Land Ordinance of 1785 • Sale of land • 36 sections of one square mile (640 acres) • Land reserved for education (section 16) and veterans (8,11,26 &29)

  3. Northwest Ordinance 0f 1787 • Land north of Ohio River and East of Miss. River would be open • Between 3 and 5 states • Excluded slavery

  4. GREAT COMPROMISE • Roger Sherman • Bicameral Congress with House of Reps based on population (VA Plan) and Senate based on one state = one vote (NJ Plan) • Division of powers

  5. THREE-FIFTHS COMPROMISE • Next difficult issue: Slavery • Southern states wanted slaves included in the population figures used to determine Representatives • Northern states which had few slaves, disagreed • Compromise was to count each slave as 3/5ths of a person

  6. Changing the Articles • Unanimous vote from all 13 colonies to amend AoC • Delegates adopted 9 vote rule • Individual state conventions

  7. State Conventions • Quickly signed by many (see page 193) • Mass. signed after guarantee of Bill of Rights • 9 states ratified by June of 1788 (6 months later) • Officially adopted: June 21st, 1788 • Holdouts: VA, NY, NC, RI • Rhode island last in 1790

  8. Federalists • For Constitution • The separation of powers into three independent branches protected the rights of the people. • A listing of rights can be a dangerous thing. • Hamilton, Adams, and Madison • Controlled the Press

  9. Anti -Federalists • Anti-federalists • Against Constitution • Sam Adams, Henry, Lee • too much power to the national government • There was no bill of rights. • The executive branch held too much power. • Poorest classes

  10. Federalist Papers • John Jay, James Madison, and Alexander Hamilton • “Publius” • 85 essays on how government would run best • Pro-Constitution • #10 – large republic • #84 – against Bill of Rights • #78 – judicial review

  11. Bill of Rights • Wrote to appease Anti-Federalists • Drafted by James Madison

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