eEstonia: eGovernment J ourney and C hallenges A head

1. Hannes Astok eGovernment Expert FormerMemberoftheEstonianParliament eEstonia: eGovernment Journey and ChallengesAhead

2. Hannes Astok • 2011 – Senior eGovernment expert • 2007-2011 – Member of the Estonian Parliament • 2005 - Programme Director, municipal and regional eGovernance, e-Governance Academy • 1998-2005 Deputy Mayor, Tartu City Government

3. What is E-Governance Academy? • e-Governance Academy (eGA) is a non-profit organisation for the creation and transfer of knowledge concerning e-governance. • Activities: • Research & Analysis • Training • Consultancy Programs: • Central government program • eDemocracy program • Municipal eGovernance program www.ega.ee

5. Population • Population: 1.351 million • Area: 45,229 km • Population density: 30 inhabitants per km2 • Urban population: 69.3% • Rural population: 30.7%

6. www.ega.ee Key elements of Estonian eGovernment • Single ID numbersforcitizens, businesses, property, etc. • Government interoperability environment x-road • Digital registries with legal meaning • Identificationinfrastructure: national eID and mobileID, digital signature and time stamp • Securecitizenportal www.eesti.ee • Securedocumentexchangeportal

7. Reform of Government Registries 1Weberian Bureaucracy + Internet

8. Reform of Government Registries II One Stop Shop approach

9. Reform of Government Registries III Integrated E-Government INTEROP. PORTAL

10. The reasons for success • General consensus among main forces in Estonian society • Commitment of political elites • Supportivelegislation • Right mix of private and public initiative • Active role of government • Project based development • Little baggage of previous practices

11. Databases • Almosteverygovernmentaldataistodayindigitalmode. Digitzationstarts at 1993. • Digitaldataisprimary, paperrecordiscopy. • Singleentryofthedata: on datumisonlyinonedatabase. All institutions must useinteroperability • Legislativebasis and thelegalmeaningofthedata. • Highdemandstodata security, access control, data storage and security copies quality.

12. Governmentinteroperability 2001 110 DB 5 1,100,000 550 org. 200 DB ~45 000 users ~ 400 000 users 13 April 2010 www.ega.ee

13. National chip-based Identity Carde-ID (2002) • Estonian electronic ID card is the first compulsory national document. • It serves for visual and electronic authentication purposes.

14. www.ega.ee Currently as 5 April 2012 • Active cards: 1,163,918 (86% of citizens) • Digital signatures: 75,5 millions • Electronic authentications: 131,4 millions

15. National chip-based Identity Carde-ID • E-ID is also: • E-health card • Driving licence • Bus ticket • i-Bank access card Can used as: • Door access card • Library card • etc

16. MobileID (2007) Mobile ID is development of traditional ID-card-based electronic authentication and digital signature in mobile phone

17. ID-card versus Mobile ID Interneti-pank Interneti-pank • ID card (PIN 1,2) • ID card reader • PC with ID card reader and ID card • Mobile-ID SIM card (PIN 1,2) • Mobile phone • Any PC connected to public Internet

18. Governmentalportalwww.eesti.ee (2000) • Governmental portal is the single access point for citizens and businesses to the governmental and municipal electronic services. • The portal provides • information • manuals • downloadable and printable application forms • electronic on-line application forms

20. Other components • Document exchange portal, allowing officials to exchange digital documents • High-speed data networks, mainly provided by private data companies • Unique standards for system architecture, allowing databases exchange data in universal digital mode • Security and logging systems for private data protection purposes • etc

21. Internet infrastructure • Internet infrastructure is provided by private companies • Government assistance programmes to speed up broadband infrastructure development

22. EstWIN network • PPP – government and Telcos • Basic fiberoptical network to rural areas • Only market failure areas (no cities) • Connecting village and small cities centers to existing basic network • Service – rent of dark fibre To be built: • ca 6000 km fiberoptical cables • ca1400 network end points (with equipment shelf) Project schedule 2009 – 2015 Project cost ca 64 M EUR • EU – 90% • Government and partners – 10%

23. E-Cabinet • In August 2000, the Government of Estonia, as a world pioneer, changed its Cabinet meetings to paperless sessions using a web-based document system.

24. Tax declarations on-lineEstonia (2000)

25. Success of e-tax • Good usability • Data already submitted by tax department (automated data transfer from companies) • Pre-filled tax declaration: you fill your application for on 5-10 minutes • Government promise: tax return money transfer on 5 days

26. Internet voting (2005) • January 2005 – pilot on localconsultation • October 2005 – municipalelections ~ 80% of voters had a chance to vote via Internet ~2% of voters used that possibility Total internet votes 9 317 • October 2009 – internet votinginmunicipalelections • Overallturnout 61% • ~ 85% of voters had a chance to vote via Internet • 9,5% of voters used that possibility • 15,7% of votesgivenon-line Total internet votes 104 413

27. National parliamentary elections 2011 • Eligible voters 913 346 • Overall turnout 63,5% • ~ 90% of voters had a chance to vote via Internet • 15,3% of voters used that possibility • 24,3% of votes given on-line Total internet votes counted 140 846

28. Presentage of counted e-votesand e-voters Estonia

29. Number of counted e-votesEstonia

30. New challenges • More services for citizens and businesses! • World goes mobile! • Social media and web 2.0 • E-Democracy • On-line democracy • Participative democracy

31. The tomorrow of e-government • Integration of different levels of government in service provision • 24/7 government • “Do it yourself” government • Almost all applications are mobile Some working examples of integrated e-government:

32. Examples of e-services • Parential leave benefit claim • 18 data requests between 5 information systems + calculation = 7 documents in real life = 3 minutes data input +1 mouse click • ID card as a bus ticket • Registration of an enterprise on-line • Mobile parking for municipalities • Exam results with SMS

33. How to use social media (web 2.0)? • Where people hanging in the Internet? • In governmental sites? • No! - In portals • In social media: Facebook, Odnoklassniki, QQ, SecondLife, Orkut, etc Are they writing letters? • They are sending SMS, e-mails, chatting in MSN, calling via Skype What is our response?

34. Estonian Embassy– SecondLifeBorn 2007InMemoriam 2011

35. Estonian MFA in FB

36. www.ega.ee Estonian MFA in Twitter

37. Lessons learned from Estonia • As government: • let the private sector take initiative • promote all aspects of information society • create and maintain the legislative framework • view IT developments together with public administrative reform • promote a project based development (more chance for self-correction, if something doesn’t work) • And finally, as government: take care of your culture and language (nobody else will do it for you)

38. www.ega.ee Thank you for attention! • Please visit: • www.eesti.ee • e-estonia.com • www.egov-estonia.eu • www.ega.ee

39. www.ega.ee • Hannes Astok • M +372 5091366 • E hannes@astok.ee • S hannesastok