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Advanced Image Processing

Advanced Image Processing. Lecture 3 - Overview of Smart Camera Networks 01/21/10. Internet vs. Sensornet. To be able to understand, monitor, and interact with the physical world (real world) in a timely, intelligent, and reliable fashion. Sensor network. - Low cost - Small size

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Advanced Image Processing

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  1. Advanced Image Processing Lecture 3 - Overview of Smart Camera Networks 01/21/10

  2. Internet vs. Sensornet To be able to understand, monitor, and interact with the physical world (real world) in a timely, intelligent, and reliable fashion. Sensor network - Low cost - Small size - Power constraint - Computational limited - Bandwidth limited - Certain degree of intelligence

  3. Application examples • Hubble telescope (every 5 to 10 ft) • Structuring health monitoring (SHM) • Bridge • Space shuttle • Environmental monitoring • Bio/chemical agent detection • Biosensors for human health monitoring • Remote surveillance • Battlefield • Hazardous area NASA Tech Briefs, January 2001.

  4. Sensor node architecture Mobilizer Location finding system UCB mote (Crossbow) Processing unit Sensing unit Communication unit Processor Transceiver ADC Sensor Storage sGate sensor node (Sensoria) Power unit Power unit

  5. Sensor network protocol stack • Application-oriented • - Task-adaptive • - Mission-oriented • Energy-efficient Application layer (CSIP) Task management plane Transport layer Mobility management plane Power management plane Network layer Data link layer (MAC) Physical layer I. F. Akyildiz, W. Su, Y. Sankarasubramaniam, E. Cayirci. A survey on sensor networks. IEEE Communications Magazine, 40(8):102-114, August 2002.

  6. Two contradictory requirements Collaborative Processing concerns: • Lower-power communication and computation • Space-time processing • Distributed and fault-tolerant algorithms • Adaptive systems • Sensor fusion • Decision theory • Energy-efficiency • Operating system • Communication • Routing • Computing • etc. • Fault-tolerance • Robust response • compensation Eliminate redundancy Need redundancy

  7. Collaborative vs. Distributed vs. Decentralized • Collaboration among neighbors • Distributed processing • Decentralized processing

  8. Directly related to CSIP IPSN Debut: 2001 Due: Nov, Conf: Apr http://ipsn.acm.org DCOSS Debut: 2005 Due: Feb, Conf: Jun http://www.dcoss.org/ ICDSC Debut: 2007 Due: Mar, Conf: Sept http://www.icdsc.org Directly related to SN SenSys Debut: 2003 Due: Apr, Conf: Nov http://sensys.acm.org SECON Debut: 2004 Due: Dec, Conf: Jun http://www.ieee-secon.org/ MobiHoc Debut: 2000 Due: Nov, Conf: May http://www.sigmobile.org/mobihoc MASS Debut: 2003 (???) http://www.cse.psu.edu/IEEEMASS08/ Conferences http://www.cs.virginia.edu/~adw5p/conferences.html

  9. Journals • ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks • http://tosn.acm.org/ • Debut: August 2005 • Publisher: ACM • International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks • http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t714578688~link=cover • Debut: 2005 • Publisher: Taylor & Francis • International Journal of Sensor Networks • http://www.inderscience.com/browse/index.php?journalCODE=ijsnet • Debut: 2006 • Publisher: Inderscience

  10. Special issues • J-STSP • SI on Distributed Processing in Vision Networks, vol. 2, no. 4, August 2008 • PIEEE • SI on Distributed Smart Cameras, vol. 96, no. 10, October 2008 • CVIU • SI on Multi-camera and Multi-modal Sensor Fusion, 1st quarter, 2010 • TIP • SI on Distributed Camera Networks: Sensing, Processing, Communication and Computing, June 1, 2010 • EURASIP-Journal on Image and Video Processing • SI on Multicamera Information Processing: Acquisition, Collaboration, Interpretation, and Production, June 1, 2010 • IEEE-SPM • SI on Distributed Image Processing and Communications, May 2011 • ACM TOMCCAP • SI on Multimedia Sensor Fusion, Fall 2010 • Ad Hoc Networks (Elsevier) • SI on Multimedia Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks, May 2010

  11. Groups • Wireless Sensor Networks Laboratory (WSNL) • http://wsnl.stanford.edu • Andrea Goldsmith and Hamid Aghajan

  12. Books • S. Phoha, T. F. LaPorta, Sensor Network Operations, Wiley-IEEE Press, 2005 • R. Brooks, S. S. Iyengar, Frontiers in Distributed Sensor Networks, CRC Press, 2004 • F. Zhao, L. Guibas, Wireless Sensor Network, Morgan Kaufmann, 2004.

  13. Challenges in SCNs (Smart Camera Networks) • The coverage problem • Directional sensing vs. Omni-directional sensing • Occlusion vs. no occlusion • The clustering problem • Geographical neighbor vs. Semantic neighbor • Content-based neighbor search • The data aggregation problem • What to propagate? (application oriented) • Distributed protocol? • The application development • Target detection and localization • Target tracking

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