Solar-Terrestrial Connections Investigations in STIL-BAS

1. Solar-Terrestrial Connections Investigations in STIL-BAS Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (BAS) Solar-Terrestrial Influences Laboratory (STIL) - “Acad. D. Mishev” Ts. Dachev, N. Petkov, R. Werner, J. Semkova, R. Koleva, K. Georgieva, A. Krumov http://www.stil.acad.bg Solar - Terrestrial Interactions September 6-10, 2005, Romania

2. Institutes of BAS Working in the Area of Solar-terrestrial Connections Investigations Institute of Astronomy Solar-Terrestrial Influences Laboratory Space Research Institute Institute of Geophysics Institute of Mechanics and Biomechanics Solar - Terrestrial Interactions September 6-10, 2005, Romania

3. Solar - Terrestrial Interactions September 6-10, 2005, Romania

4. Structure of the Space Research Institutehttp://www.space.bas.bg/ Solar - Terrestrial Interactions September 6-10, 2005, Romania

5. SVET SG project during 1990-1999 • Experiments carried out onboard MIR OS on the SVET SG project during 1990-2000 : • Two-month experiments with radishes and Chinese cabbage - June-August 1990; • Three-month "Super Dwarf" variety wheat experiments - August-November 1995; • Six month wheat experiments with two consecutive wheat crops – July 1996–January 1997; • Four-month experiments with three consecutive plantings of Brassica Rapa – May-September 1997; • Seven-month experiments with two consecutive new "Apogey" variety wheat crops – November 1998-June 1999. • Three-week experiments with four leaf crops - genus Brassica - May-June 2000. Solar - Terrestrial Interactions September 6-10, 2005, Romania

6. STIL-BAS Divisions • Solar-terrestrial physics • Optical atmospheric investigations • Remote sensing of the Earth and planets Solar - Terrestrial Interactions September 6-10, 2005, Romania

7. Solar - Terrestrial Interactions September 6-10, 2005, Romania

8. Solar-Terrestrial Physics Current and Future Activities Solar - Terrestrial Interactions September 6-10, 2005, Romania

9. Fundamental Space Physics Research Research on the physical processes in the Sun-Earth system is performed in large international cooperation with scientists from Russia, France, Italy, Germany, Sweden, Czech Republic etc. A major role in these studies play the data from the international space project INTERBALL Solar - Terrestrial Interactions September 6-10, 2005, Romania

10. Auroral Probe successfully launched on 29 August1996 Tail Probe successfully launched on 3 August 1995 INTERBALL is the solar-terrestrial programme aimed to study various plasma processes in the Earth magnetosphere by the system of spacecraft consisting of two pairs (satellite-subsatellite) above the polar aurora and in the magnetospheric tail. The INTERBALL project involved the efforts of a large international community of Russia together with Austria, Bulgaria, Canada, Czechia, ESA, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Kirgizia, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Sweden, United Kingdom and Ukraine. . Bulgaria participates in 7 experiments Spacecraft conjunctions in the space fleet Solar - Terrestrial Interactions September 6-10, 2005, Romania

11. Solar - Terrestrial Interactions September 6-10, 2005, Romania

12. STIL-BAS Experiments on ISS Liulin-ISS 2005-2020 Liulin-5 2006-2008 Liulin-E094 2001 Langmiur Probe 2006-2019 R3D2 2008-2009 R3D1 2006-2007 Solar - Terrestrial Interactions September 6-10, 2005, Romania

13. Liulin-ISS Instrument will be a part of Russian segment service dosimetric system and will work on ISS for 15 years since spring of 2005 Detector module Electronic block • Weight 0.57 kg; P = 330 mW Weight: 230 g; Size: 100x80x25 mm Matroska-R Matroska Liulin-5 dosimetric telescope, developed jointly with IMBP, Moscow as a part of Matroska-R facility. Matroska is a joint ESA-Russian experiment and will be launched in 2006 Solar - Terrestrial Interactions September 6-10, 2005, Romania

14. ESA Columbus module EXPOSE R3D Flight model, Weight: 189 g; Size:76х76х36 mm R3D-B2 instrument for ESA Biopan-5 facility on board of Russian Foton M-2 satellite, launched on 30.05.2005. The spectrometer is jointly developed with the University in Erlangen, Germany. Similar experiment will be flown in 2006 R3D2 instrument for EXPOSE facility, is jointly developed with the University in Erlangen, Germany and is expected to be launched in 2006 toward the Russian segment and in 2008 toward ESA Columbus module 256 channels space radiation spectrometer Weight: 129 g; Size: 82x57x25 mm 4 channel UV spectrometer Solar - Terrestrial Interactions September 6-10, 2005, Romania

15. All available data in the memory for doses Solar - Terrestrial Interactions September 6-10, 2005, Romania

16. Langmiur probe experiment for Russian segment of ISS is a part of “Obstanovka” experiment developed by Russia and ESA for investigation of the near space environment of ISS “Obstanovka” experiment will provide a database of electromagnetic fields and plasma-wave processes in the vicinity of large space objects (satellites and space stations). Consortium with IKI-RAS, Moscow; IKI-Lviv, Ukraine; University of Sussex, UK; University of Sheffield, UK; SRG, Budapest, Hungary; BLE, Solymar, Hungary; KFKI RMKI, Budapest, Hungary; SRC-PAS, Warsaw, Poland; SISP, Uppsala, Sweden. Solar - Terrestrial Interactions September 6-10, 2005, Romania

17. Four more space experiments are under development Liulin-F instrument for Russian Phobos-Ground satellite 2009/2011 Satellite at 100 km over the Phobos surface for 2 years Weight: 400g Size: 100x100x50 mm Consumption: 520mW SSD instrument for NASA DSTB (Deep Space Test Bed) mission 2005/2006 Balloon over Antarctida up to 40 km altitude for 2/4 weeks Weight: 240g Size: 100x100x50 mm Consumption: 120mW RADOM instrument for Indian Chandrayaan-1 satellite 2007/2008 Satellite at 100 km over the Moon surface for 2 years Weight: 120g Size: 76x86x25 mm Consumption: 120mW Liulin-R instrument for ESA-Norwegian rocket Launch in February 2007 Rocket launch up to 280 km from Andoya, Norway (69.3° N) Weight: 120g Size: 76x86x25 mm Consumption: 120mW Solar - Terrestrial Interactions September 6-10, 2005, Romania

18. Optical Atmospheric Investigations in STIL-BAS Current and Future Activities Solar - Terrestrial Interactions September 6-10, 2005, Romania

19. STIL-BASparticipates in ALOMARеARI (Arctic Lidar Observatory for Middle Atmospheric Research enhanced Access to Research Infrastructures) an FP6-2002-Infrastructures-1 project The project: • Offers access to a selection of ALOMAR lidar, radar and optical instruments • Provides unique opportunity to install scientific instruments onboard of two sounding rockets that will explore the mesosphere and the ionosphere Solar - Terrestrial Interactions September 6-10, 2005, Romania

20. Tropopause fold, 13-14 April 2002 STIL-BAS participates in mutual optical and spectrometry measurements and data processing and interpretation Solar - Terrestrial Interactions September 6-10, 2005, Romania

21. GASCOD-BG UV spectrometer “Applications of the differential, optical, absorption spectrometry for tropospheric and stratospheric monitoring by groundbased, balloon, and satellite instruments”in cooperation with ISAC, Bologna, Italy Data from this Bulgarian - Italian project are used for validation of SCIAMACHY (SCanning Immaging Absorption Spectrometer for Atmospheric Chartography) measurementson board the ENVISAT Satellite STIL-BAS performs measurements in Stara Zagora filial with the GASCOD - BG spectrometer built in ISAO and UV spectrometer built in STIL - BAS Solar - Terrestrial Interactions September 6-10, 2005, Romania

22. INTAS PROJECTInvestigation of regional scale atmospheric motions and their influence on the mesosphere/thermosphere/ionosphere region No 03-51-6425 Spectral Airglow Temperature Imager - SATI–3SZ in Stara Zagora Station • OBJECTIVES • To study the atmospheric dynamics • To improve the methodology and instrumentation for monitoring the atmosphere • To exchange data andresults • PARTNERS • Bulgaria - coordinator • Georgia, Spain, Kazakh Republic O2 image from SATI-3SZ over Stara Zagora Solar - Terrestrial Interactions September 6-10, 2005, Romania

23. Remote Sensing of the Earth in STIL- BAS Current and Future Activities Solar - Terrestrial Interactions September 6-10, 2005, Romania

24. FLUORESCENCE IMAGING Drought Stress Effects Fluorescence images: in the beginning of the experiment (left), after 4 hours (centre), and after 6 hours (right). The stress impact spreading is directed from the rim to the central part of the leaves. New Technology for Remote Sensing of Plant Ecosystems • Advantages of the fluorescence imaging • Registers optical signal directly linked with the vegetation bioactivity; • Detects plant stress in early phase, before It can be observed with more conventional means; • Allows the spatial fluorescence distribution to be registered, and thus the direction and velocity of the stress impact spreading to be defined. Biochamber for simulation the influence of natural factors on the plant fluorescence. Acid Stress Effects Fluorescence images in the beginning of the experiment (left), after 2 hours (centre), and after 6 hours (right). Solar - Terrestrial Interactions September 6-10, 2005, Romania

25. Aircraft Operations 4 Single Beam Radiometers Mounted Under Fixed Wing Aircraft Passive Microwave Radiometry Detecting Water Seepage Through Levees and Levee MonitoringIRE-RAN MIRAMAP – NL STIL-BAS Solar - Terrestrial Interactions September 6-10, 2005, Romania

26. International Meetings Organised by STIL-BAS Solar - Terrestrial Interactions September 6-10, 2005, Romania

27. Past events Solar - Terrestrial Interactions September 6-10, 2005, Romania

28. Forthcomingevent Solar - Terrestrial Interactions September 6-10, 2005, Romania

29. Forthcomingevent Solar - Terrestrial Interactions September 6-10, 2005, Romania

30. Thank you Solar - Terrestrial Interactions September 6-10, 2005, Romania