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Disorders of excretory system

Dear friends, I would like to bring your attention to the importance of understanding disorders of the excretory system. Let's educate ourselves and promote awareness for better health. #ExcretorySystemDisorders #HealthEducation<br><br>

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Disorders of excretory system

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  1. UREMIA ➢ Accumulation of urea in blood due to malfunction of kidney. ➢ It may lead to kidney failure (renal failure). ➢ In such case, urea can be removed by a process called haemodialysis.

  2. HAEMODIALYSIS ➢ It is a process of removal of urea from blood. ➢ The dialyzing unit (artificial kidney) contains a coiled cellophane tube surrounded by dialyzing fluid ➢ It has same composition of plasma except the nitrogenous wastes. ➢ Blood drained from a convenient artery is pumped into dialyzing unit after adding an anticoagulant like heparin.

  3. HAEMODIALYSIS ➢ The porous cellophane membrane of the tube allows the passage of molecules based on concentration gradient ➢ As nitrogenous wastes are absent in dialyzing fluid, these substances freely move out, thereby clearing the blood. ➢ The cleared blood is pumped back to the body through a vein after adding anti-heparin to it.

  4. KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION ➢ It is the ultimate method in the correction of acute renal failures. ➢ A functioning kidney is taken from a donor. ➢ It is better to receive kidney from a close relative to minimize chances of rejection by immune system of host.

  5. RENAL CALCULI ➢ Renal calculi is also known as nephrolithiasis or simply kidney stone. ➢ Stone or insoluble mass of crystallised salts (oxalates, etc.) formed within the kidney. ➢ Improper diet, excess body weight, and certain medications are some of the reasons behind this.

  6. GLOMERULONEPHRITIS ➢ Glomerulonephritis is the inflammation of glomeruli. ➢ This results in proteins and RBCs passing into the filtrate ➢ It is caused due to injury to the kidney, bacterial toxins, drug reactions, HIV infections, hepatitis B and hepatitis C, high blood pressure, high diabetes, etc.

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