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Multimedia Concepts: Video Technologies

Multimedia Concepts: Video Technologies. ANALOG. DIGITAL. Analog Video Technology. Analog means ? . Analog Video Technology. Analog Formats Videotape VHS (remember BETA?) 8mm Laserdisc Familiar? Obsolete? Why discuss?. Analog Video Technology. Videotape Laserdisc.

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Multimedia Concepts: Video Technologies

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  1. Multimedia Concepts:Video Technologies ANALOG DIGITAL

  2. Analog Video Technology • Analog means ?

  3. Analog Video Technology Analog Formats • Videotape • VHS (remember BETA?) • 8mm • Laserdisc • Familiar? Obsolete? • Why discuss?

  4. Analog Video Technology • Videotape • Laserdisc

  5. Video (Analog Tape) Positives • Familiar, common hardware • VCRs, players, camcorders • Perceived image “quality” • Impact of screen size • Full color depth (~ 24-bit)

  6. Video (Analog Tape) Positives • RECORDABLE & erasable • Inexpensive hardware & tapes • Can be digitized 

  7. Video (Analog Tape) Negatives • Quality of NTSC (standard N. Am. television) • TV vs. Monitor • Fundamentally linear • Hard to use segments • Example(s) • Computer control ??

  8. Video (Analog Tape) Negatives • Limited manipulation • Costly hardware to edit • Quality loss by generation • Distance distribution • Limited rapid sharing • cf. video conferencing

  9. Analog Video Technologies • Videotape • Laserdisc (Laser videodisc)

  10. Laserdisc (Analog) Overview • Precursor to DVD • Advantages & Disadvantages • Laserdisc technology • Advanced systems

  11. Laserdiscs +/- Advantages • Higher video quality • Multi-channel sound • Double-sided • Still frame & special effects • Potential for random access • Non-linear = hyper

  12. Laserdiscs +/- Disadvantages • ‘Special’ hardware • Unfamiliar at home • Bulky • Cost of hardware • vs VCR (or DVD) • No local recording

  13. Multimedia Concepts:Video Technologies ANALOG DIGITAL

  14. Digital Video What is it? • Most commonly: • Analog video – digitized • Computer files • Newer technology: • Original digital video (DV) • Bits on a digital tape

  15. Creating Digital Video Hardware • AnalogDigitizing Gear • $50 - $1000+ • Internal, external, both • Digital camcorder + IEEE 1394 • “Firewire” or “i Link” • Many digital ‘still’ cameras • Highly variable results • PC / web cameras (“golf balls”)

  16. Creating Digital Video Software • Comes with hardware • Capture, then edit • Not necessarily same software • Varied features, e.g. formats • Varied learning curve • Match to need & skill • iMovie / Movie Maker to Premier

  17. Other Digital Video Sources • Clip video (CD / Web) • Download from web sites • Varies by video format • “Screen capture” software • Camtasia, CamStudio, etc. • Morphing software • Animation software • Flash, et al – beyond our scope • Class web page has links

  18. Digital Video Concepts • Video = “frames” • How many / sec? • Apply still image file size concept • Video = ++MB • Forget KB 

  19. Digital Video Concepts • Image Size (‘window’ on screen) • Pixel dimensions • Common Sizes • 160 x 120 (‘1/16’) • 320 x 240 (‘1/4’) • 640 x 480 (‘full’ screen) • 720 x 480 (DVD, ‘wider’ screen) • What does a viewer really see?

  20. Digital Video Concepts DV File Size Factors • Image pixel dimensions • Just like still images • FPS • Frames per second • Number required? • Color depth (bits) • Increasingly, no option

  21. Digital Video Concepts DV File Size Factors • Video (file) format (more later) • QuickTime / AVI / WMV • MPEG (mpg) • Streaming • CODEC • Compression / decomp algorithm • Sometime selectable (cf. audio) • Audio quality • Limited impact

  22. Digital Video Benefits • Inexpensive hardware to create • Edit electronically with software (non-linear editing) • Just another (large) file = transmission potential • FTP, email, or on web pages • Keep file size down! • Or stream it • More flexible use

  23. Digital Video Issues • Image quality (e.g. jaggies) • Limited resizing (pixels, jerky) • Differing formats / architectures • Non-standard compression schemes • Broadway AVI & M-JPEG • Codec compatibility / availability • Storage requirements / downloads

  24. Impact of File Size 1 min video can take minutes to download

  25. DV Formats • QuickTime (mov) • Background / compatibility • Video for Windows (avi) • WMV • MPEG (mpg, mp#) • Current standard ? • Video CD / DVD • Streaming competition (later) • Real vs MS vs QT

  26. ‘Exotic’ DV • VCD (Video CD) • Mpeg-1 • Common outside US • QTVR • Lighthouse (HS) • Orlando Art Museum

  27. Other Digital Video Topics • Creating digital video • DVD • Streaming

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