Unit 3 : Part A

1. 21st Century College English: Book 2 Unit 3 : Part A The Tale of a Cultural Translator

2. Unit 3 • Exercises Exercises • Comprehension • Vocabulary • Listening

3. Exercises • Comprehension Answer the following questions in no more than 8 words: 1. What often caused the conflicts between western and Japanese companies? Key: Cultural difference

4. Exercises • Comprehension Answer the following questions: 2. What similarity do the author and George have? Key: They work in the same company.

5. Exercises • Comprehension Answer the following questions: 3. Why did the American corporation have to train Japanese employees? Key: 1. American corporation started joint venture with Japanese corporation. 2. American corporation had unique technology.

6. Exercises • Comprehension Answer the following questions: 4. How did Japanese managers usually think of Americans sent to represent US owners? Key: They distrust Americans and regard them as threat. Americans were distrusted and regarded as a threat. Comparing the following two answers

7. Exercises • Comprehension Answer the following questions: 5. Why was George the best-qualified employee for being the installation engineer. Key: He understand installation and use of the equipment.

8. Exercises • Comprehension Answer the following questions: 6. What qualities contributed to George’s popularity with Japanese employees? Key: 1. He was naturally nonassertive 2. His expertise and friendly and capable help

9. Exercises • Comprehension Answer the following questions: 7. What had happened in Japanese company making George have to reinvent himself? Key: Japanese engineers had surpassed George in rapidly-changing technology.

10. Exercises • Comprehension Answer the following questions: 8. Write a word or a phrase in paragraph 7 showing that the Japanese manager was very angry ? Key: In a fury.

11. Exercises • Comprehension Answer the following questions: 9. Why did the joint venture accept the George’s new idea? Key: Having heard enough horror stories about cultural conflicts.

12. Exercises • Comprehension Answer the following questions: 10. What’s the meaning of the sentence “keeping a chemist on the payroll”? Key: Keep employing a chemist

13. Exercises • Comprehension Answer the following questions: 11. What ability did George have to avoid conflicts’ becoming serious? Key: He has skill to smooth over small conflicts.

14. Exercises • Comprehension Answer the following questions: 12. What way do George use to deal with cultural conflicts besides translating orally? Key: Write

15. Vocabulary Word Building • Ex. III • Ex. IV • Ex. VI • Ex. VII Vocabulary

16. Exercises • Vocabulary 《读写教程 II》: Ex. III, p. 64

17. thrive surpass justify conflict ensure approve escalate apparent represent qualified Exercises • Vocabulary III. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary. 1. We expected Ellen to do well, but when she got straight A’s she _____ all our expectations. • surpassed 2. You made a good decision, and I thoroughly _____ of it. • approved

18. thrive surpass justify conflict ensure approve escalate apparent represent qualified Exercises • Vocabulary III. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary. 3. They arrived at the stadium three hours early to _____ that they’d get good seats. • ensure 4. The company is now _____ thanks to the skillful management and outstanding technology. • thriving

19. thrive surpass justify conflict ensure approve escalate apparent represent qualified Exercises • Vocabulary III. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary. 5. The directors’ disagreement rapidly _____ into a fight, so the meeting became more exciting than anyone had expected. • escalated 6. As a junior member of the school’s teaching staff, Janet didn’t feel _____ to discuss the issue with the principal. • qualified

20. thrive surpass justify conflict ensure approve escalate apparent represent qualified Exercises • Vocabulary III. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary. 7. The 20-year-old tennis player’s dream is to _____ China at the next Olympics. • represent 8. It was becoming _____ that the elderly chemist’s skills were no longer needed. • apparent

21. thrive surpass justify conflict ensure approve escalate apparent represent qualified Exercises • Vocabulary III. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary. 9. I don’t understand how you can _____ spending money on space exploration when there are hungry children in the world. • justify 10. Many of the _____ that spring from cultural differences can be avoided if you keep an open mind. • conflicts

22. Exercises • Vocabulary 《读写教程 II》: Ex. IV, p. 65

23. Exercises • Vocabulary IV. Replace the underlined words in the following sentences with phrases or expressions from the text that best keep the original meaning. 1. You don’t have tosupport his plan if you think it’s crazy. go along with 2. Oh, stop complaining about the rain! It’s good from the standpoint of farmers. from the farmers’ viewpoint

24. Exercises • Vocabulary IV. Replace the underlined words in the following sentences with phrases or expressions from the text that best keep the original meaning. 3. This 67-year-old Canadian novelist has delighted a large number of readers with his tales of mystery. multitudes of 4. Another joint venture in auto manufacturing has started to experience financial problems. run into

25. Exercises • Vocabulary IV. Replace the underlined words in the following sentences with phrases or expressions from the text that best keep the original meaning. 5. For Sally, the wonderful evening of music and dancing had finished too soon. come to an end 6. Rosemary acquired the basics of Chinese very quickly because she used the language at every opportunity. picked up

26. Exercises • Vocabulary IV. Replace the underlined words in the following sentences with phrases or expressions from the text that best keep the original meaning. 7. Sometimes when I had trouble controlling my temper, I hardly knew what I was saying or doing. At times 8.Once he’d gotten used to eating with chopsticks, he preferred them to a knife and fork. gotten into the habit of

27. Exercises • Vocabulary IV. Replace the underlined words in the following sentences with phrases or expressions from the text that best keep the original meaning. 9. Seeing that she had nothing to say after brief greetings, I tried my best to ease the awkwardness of the first meeting. smooth over 10. I thought the man was lying to protect his wife, but in fact it was the reverse. the other way around

28. Exercises • Word Building 《读写教程 II》:Ex. VI, p. 65

29. Examples: Examples: inter- +action interaction inter- +dependence  interdependence inter- +nationalinternational inter- +personalinterpersonal Exercises • Word Building Prefix inter- to be added to: adjectives to mean: involving two or more parties and to be added to: nouns to mean: involving two or more parties in a mutual or reciprocal relationship

30. Exercises • Word Building Find the definitions of the following nouns and adjectives. interchangeable interface  intercontinental intersection  interdisciplinary interview that can be used in place of each other a place or area where different things meet and have an effect on each other between continents a joint where two roads or lines cross involving two or more disciplines an occasion when a person is asked questions by one or more people

31. Exercises • Word Building Now use the words in the sentences below. • The invention of the jet engine revolutionized _____ air travel. • intercontinental • Both of the new systems worked well on their won, but when we tried to connect them we ran into some problems with the _____. • interface

32. Exercises • Word Building Now use the words in the sentences below. 3. The museum is located at the _____ of two of the city’s most beautiful streets. • intersection 4. “Child” and “offspring” are not _____ words — they have similar meanings, but are used in different contexts. • interchangeable

33. Exercises • Word Building Now use the words in the sentences below. 5. I thought the job _____ was going very well, so I was stunned when they told me I wasn’t the right person for the position. • interview 6. Prof. Cooper has been teaching an _____ course that explores psychology, philosophy and linguistics. • interdisciplinary

34. Exercises • Word Building 《读写教程 II》:Ex. VII, p. 66

35. Exercises • Word Building Prefix non- to be added to: adjectives & nouns to mean: not… e.g.non+assertive  nonassertive = not assertive non +fiction nonfiction = a piece of writing that is not fiction

36. Exercises • Word Building Now rewrite the sentences below, replacing the underlined phrases with nouns or adjectives with the prefix non-. Be sure to change the word order as necessary! 1. Almost everyone would like to have more money for goods and services which aren’t essential just because they make life a little more pleasant. nonessential goods • Mr. Peterson is the chairman of a charity organization that makes no profit. nonprofit

37. Exercises • Word Building Now rewrite the sentences below, replacing the underlined phrases with nouns or adjectives with the prefix non-. Be sure to change the word order as necessary! 3. Hostility towards outsiders is characteristic of both humans and creatures that aren’t humans. non-humans 4. Although I’m a person who doesn’t smoke, I don’t support discrimination against smokers. non-smoker

38. Exercises • Word Building Now rewrite the sentences below, replacing the underlined phrases with nouns or adjectives with the prefix non-. Be sure to change the word order as necessary! 5. It would be a statement that doesn’t make sense to say that all Asian societies are the same. nonsense 6. There’s a difference between using words in a way that’s not standard and using them incorrectly. in a non-standard way

39. Listening Before you listen to the next passage, make sure you know the following words: 《听说教程 II》:Part 3.3, p. 39 self-awareness café necktie monocultural the global village multicultural 小餐馆，咖啡馆 自我意识 单一文化的 领带 多种文化的 世界村

40. Listening Now you’re going to take a “self-awareness test” to check your responses to some unusual situations. You’ll hear the recording twice; as you listen, circle your response to each of the questions you hear. Situation 1 1. “Leave me alone!” 2. “Thank you.” 3. “Do you know the time?”

41. Listening Now you’re going to take a “self-awareness test” to check your responses to some unusual situations. You’ll hear the recording twice; as you listen, circle your response to each of the questions you hear. Situation 2 1. “Why did that stupid man lie to me?!” 2. “Oh, so he was just being friendly.” 3. “I have to pay my phone bill.”

42. Listening Now you’re going to take a “self-awareness test” to check your responses to some unusual situations. You’ll hear the recording twice; as you listen, circle your response to each of the questions you hear. Situation 3 1. I’m angry enough to protest. 2. I understand now, and I’ll be ready next time. 3. I’m thirsty.

43. Listening Now you’re going to take a “self-awareness test” to check your responses to some unusual situations. You’ll hear the recording twice; as you listen, circle your response to each of the questions you hear. Situation 4 1. I think she’s crazy. 2. I buy a different necktie. 3. I take my dog for a walk.

44. Listening Now listen to the scoring. What kind of person are you, according to the tape? Script

45. Listening Situation One: Imagine you’re walking down the streets of a foreign city on a pleasant summer evening. You’ve just reached a street corner. There’s no traffic on the road, so although the light is red, you start to cross the street. Just as you step into the street, a stranger stops you — he doesn’t want you to cross against a red light. What do you tell him? Situation Two: Sitting in a café in the foreign city, you suddenly realize it’s on the same street as a famous museum. You ask the waiter how long it would take you to walk to the museum. He replies, “About half an hour.” It’s a nice day, so you decide to walk. Two hours later you finally reach the museum, completely exhausted. What are you thinking? Situation Three: You’re at the airport, waiting to check in for your flight home. The check-in counter opens and as you step up to it with your baggage, six people push ahead of you in the line. How do you feel? Situation Four: So many people pushed ahead of you in line that you missed your plane and have to stay in the foreign city. So you need to find a job. Your first interview is for a job that you’re very well qualified for. The interviewer tells you she’s sorry, but you aren’t the right person for the position. As you’re leaving, she adds in a kind voice: “Just one piece of advice, dear: You really must get a different necktie!” How do you react? Now it’s time to score. If you had mostly 1 responses, you are a very monocultural person. If you want to get ahead in the global village, you’d better work on being more culturally flexible. If you had mostly 2 responses, congratulations! You’re very culturally sensitive and flexible, and you’re likely to feel comfortable in many multicultural situations. If most of your responses were 3’s: You need to work on your listening comprehension! Thank you, and we hope you enjoyed our Cultural Self-Awareness Quiz.

46. Assignment • Revision of Text A: • Cloze Ex. VIII p.66 • Translation Ex. IX p.67 • Preview of Text B: • Comprehension Checkp. 75