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COMENIUS-PROJECT

The effects of climate change on tourism in Europe – Sustainable tourism in different regions. COMENIUS-PROJECT. presented by Duales Berufskolleg Lahr. TABLE OF CONTENTS. 1. Effects of climate change on tourism 2. Sustainable Tourism 3. Gentle Tourism

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COMENIUS-PROJECT

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  1. The effects of climate change on tourism in Europe – Sustainable tourism in different regions COMENIUS-PROJECT presented by Duales Berufskolleg Lahr

  2. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Effects of climate change on tourism 2. Sustainable Tourism 3. Gentle Tourism 4. Best Practice: Black Forest National Park

  3. 1. EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON TOURISM

  4. THE GERMANS‘ MOST POPULAR TRAVEL DESTINATIONS (outgoing tourism) • Germany is the most popular travel destination of the Germans (statistics) •  approx. 85% of the overnight stays were realised by Germans • But also Europe • Long-distance journeys Spain Italy Turkey Long-distance Austria Greece France Croatia Poland Netherlands From 100 Germans ... travelled to...

  5. HOW DOES TOURISM CHANGE? Statisticsofthewholetourismbranch: Development oftheturnover

  6. DO ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS PLAY A ROLE IN THE SELECTION OF THE TRAVEL DESTINATION? • The environmental consciousness has augmented enormously within the last 10 years • Reasons for this phenomenon: Fear of climate change and other natural disasters Consideration of personal health and nature Alternative Travel offers

  7. EFFECT OF THE OZONE CONCENTRATION ON TOURISM Changes in travel behavior • no solid changesin travel behavior due to the ozone concentration  but: regional and seasonal shifts in demand • Mainly concernedare... - Mediterranean Sea abutters - poor countries - countries that are dependent on tourism

  8. REASONS FOR DECREASE OF TOURISM • environmental menace e.g. algae • strong sun radiation • heat waves • lack of snow • aridity / lack of water • infectious diseases • extreme weathers (storms, floods…)

  9. „Concerned“ Mediterranean Sea areas, insular states in the South Pacific as well as in the Indian Ocean • strong decrease in tourism in the busy season enormous heat, extreme weathers • increase in tourism or rather a shift to the winter and low season

  10. „Winners“ Belgium, Netherlands, Louxembourg, Germany, Baltic countries Germany • swimming places are more attractive • gains in summer tourism • growing demand for walking, climbing & biking tours • good summer seasons at German coasts

  11. Conclusion Germanywill experience more positive than negativeeffectsof climate change Deficits in winter could be balanced by gains in summer tourism  Possibilities of reorientation & assimilation according to the changing situation

  12. DUE TO A LACK OF SNOW THERE IS LESS DEMAND FOR WINTER HOLIDAYS IN THE BLACK FOREST … far from it!

  13. THE BLACK FOREST Highest summit of Germany‘s low mountain ranges Feldberg (1.493 m) Snow guaranty  60 mountains over 1000 m

  14. FACTS: WINTER ‘09/’10 • one of the best winters • 400.000 visitors (February) • in comparison to season 08/09: 500.000 visitors • already 120 operating days • average per season: 70- 90 operating days • Numbers of accommodation rise from year to year updated: March, 1

  15. FORECAST OF THE DECREASE OF SNOW All data refer to the dates of 1994 - 2003 Origin: Leibniz-Institut 2009

  16. EXAMPLE FOR REGIONAL EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE:THE „LOTHARPFAD“ - facts about the storm „Lothar“ Date: 26 December1999 Speed: 272 km/h Affected areas: Northern France, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Southwestern Germany (Black Forest) Damages: 30 Mio m2 damaged wood 40.000 ha forest cleaning 6 Mrd. $ insurance-damages

  17. DESCRIPTION • located in the Northern Black Forest • opened: June 2003 • trail for education, adventure and experience Location: Lotharpfad

  18. DESCRIPTION • 800 m long in an area as big as 10 soccerfields • leads across bridges, bases, lethers • free of charge (voluntary donation is welcome) •  many thousands of visitors a year

  19. WHY HAS THE „LOTHARPFAD“ BEEN FOUNDED? • the area hasn‘t been touched by a human • No new plants are cropped •  aim: Show visitors, how nature develops/grows without any human influences

  20. 2. SUSTAINABLE TOURISM

  21. DEFINITION Sustainable tourism fulfils social, ecological and economic compatibility criteria. Its basic idea is to aim all activities at the target area ,,nature“.

  22. MORE SUSTAINABLE TOURISM BY: • minimisation of negative impacts / conflicts / improvement of postive impacts • balance of ecology, economy and social factors • assignment of sustainable tourism concepts

  23. MEASURES IN HOTELS • Saving energy in • the lounge • the hall • the hotel room • the bath room • control of the room temperature • measures of thermal insulation • Electricity • Waste separation and prevention • Saving of water

  24. MEASURES OF TRAVEL BUSINESS • arrival and departure • during the habitation • information arrangements

  25. CLIMATE-FRIENDLY TRAVELLING SUPPLIES FROM TRAVEL BUSINESS Ecological travelling Check energy use „travel and help“

  26. ALPINE PEARLS – THE ANSWER Combination of 17 tourist resorts Tourism doesn‘t destroy Precursor in climate protection and tourism

  27. EXAMPLE FOR SUSTAINABLE TOURSIMS IN GERMANY • improve travel offers  single tourists have other interests than families • influence the travel decision  holiday in Germany

  28. MECKLENBURG-WESTERN-POMERANIA • tourism=most important branch of the economy • secret place • Waren an der Müritz was chosen for developing environmentally-sensitive tourism

  29. WAREN AN DER MÜRITZ WHY Waren an der Müritz: • good infrastructure • unfamous city • great conditions for nature lovers

  30. PROMOTION Tourismiscauseras well asaggrievedpartyoftheclimatechange • decrease of the individual traffic • decrease of the energy usage • promote for „holiday in Germany“ • promotion of regional products

  31. PROMOTION • compare supply and demand environmentally • create companies and communes, which act environmentally, an advantage

  32. THE WORLD TOURISM ORGANIZATION (UNWTO) • Based in Madrid • Aim: responsible+ sustainable tourism

  33. THE UNWTO-CLIMATE CONFERENCE 2007 Aim of the conference: Declaration of Davos -> „Four-Step Plan“ for Tourism industry 1. Reduction of greenhouse gases 2. Adaptation to climate change 3. Using of available + new technology 4. To raise funds The UN Climate Conference on Bali and Copenhagen

  34. 3. GENTLE TOURISM

  35. DEFINITION Gentle tourismis a form of travelling which meets three essential requests: • To affect the perambulated nature as little as possible or rather not to harm the nature • To experience the nature as closely as possible, intensely and originally • To adapt oneself to the culture of a country

  36. BAREFOOT PATHS Baumkronenweg in Waldkirch • Sense path: 1.1 km • Treetop path: 200 m • Adventure path: 200 m • Barefoot path: 200 m • Giant slide

  37. ECOTOURISM Ecotourism is a responsible form of travelling to areas close to nature which adds to the protection of the environment and to the well-being of the local population

  38. NATURE RESERVE TAUBERGIESSEN The Taubergießen with a size of 1682 ha is one of the biggest nature resorts in Baden Württemberg. It was declared natural resort in 1979 You can also find lots of rare species in the Taubergießen, which don‘t appear in other areas

  39. NATURE RESERVE TAUBERGIESSEN About 60 % of the area is forest and the rest is used as agricultural greenland. The trails you can find in the Tauergießen are very popular with hikers and bikers 

  40. HIKING-TOURISM • among the most important markets of Germany • 200.000 km fixed/signposted trails • 11 million Germans = constant hikers • hotels adapt to hikers • Sanitary aspects are making hiking more and more attractive

  41. THE BLACK FOREST • 24.000 km signed hiking trails • Ortenau: mineral spring • Famous trails (Karlsruher Grat) • Hiking through vineyards • Many valleys, waters, canyons, etc. • Feldberg: highest mountain 1493 m KarlsruherGrat

  42. THE TYPICAL GERMAN BIKE TOURIST • - Is middle aged or older • Lives in a partnership without children • Has an above average income • Spends his bike holidays in Nordrhein Westfalen

  43. AGE GROUPS OF GERMAN BICYCLE TOURISTS Ancestry of bicycle tourism in Germany 95 % from Germany 5% from abroad (mostly tourists from the Netherlands and from Switzerland

  44. BICYCLE HOLIDAYS IN GERMANY Has a road system of about 75000 km Best dismountedbike route network in NRW Has about 290 long dist. trails 40% blends At seas/streams

  45. ECONOMIC FACTOR BICYCLE TOURISM • The total capacity of bicycle tourism amounts annually to: • 153 Millions Bicycletravels • Millions Accommodations concerning bicycletourism Costs of a bicycle tourist attain up to 64,60 € per day In which he spends at least 40,00 € for the accommodation/hotel

  46. Yippee, I can milk! Where do you come from?

  47. FARM HOLIDAYS - general facts • about 2,1 million of German tourists per year • rising tendency • main guests: • families with children • couples up to and over 50 years • grandparents with grandchildren

  48. about 25.000 farms in Germany • advantage for them: in parts a considerable additional earning

  49. FARM HOLIDAYS - general facts • 85% report on an at least stable, but mostly better utilisation of their appartments and guest beds in 2009 compared to the previous year • 3/4 classify the economic development of the tourism sector on their own farm as good or very good

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