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Hunter-Gatherer Societies. Social Studies Chapter 1 Section 2. Standards. H-SS 6.1.1 Describe the hunter-gatherer societies, including the development of tools and the use of fire.
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Hunter-Gatherer Societies Social Studies Chapter 1 Section 2
Standards • H-SS 6.1.1 Describe the hunter-gatherer societies, including the development of tools and the use of fire. • E-LA Reading 6.2.1 Identify the structural features of popular media (e.g., newspapers, magazines, online information) and use the features to obtain information.
Objective • You will read about the societies that hunter-gatherers formed and developments that improved their chances for survival.
Input • Chapter Key Terms • Hunter-gatherers • Innovation • Nomad • Culture • Neanderthals • Homo sapiens
Input • Background Knowledge • Archaeologists believe that human beings first appeared in Africa millions of years ago. • The early humans were hunter-gatherers who lived by hunting small animals and gathering plants.
Input • Archaeologists know very little about hunter-gatherers like Lucy. All they know is that life was difficult and groups appeared for a time and died out. • The Development of Tools • About 2.5 million years ago early humans began making tools out of stone. • This new way of doing things called innovation started the Paleolithic Era or the Old Stone Age
Input • At first tools were simple, split stones which were used for cutting, chopping, and scrapping. • Overtime tool makers became more skillful and started making thinner, sharper blades. • These thinner tolls made spears and arrows. • Tool makers also began using bones and antlers, and some added decoration and color to their work.
Input • The Use of Fire • The Stone Age lasted about 2.5 million years ago to 10,000 years ago. • During this period they learned how to use fire • With fire people could use light, cook, and use flames to scare off dangerous animals • It also allowed them to live in places where it would have been too cold to survive.
Input • Wandering Bands • Stone Age hunter-gatherers lived in small groups or bands. • Bands had ten or twelve adults and their children. • Most of these people were called nomads who moved from place to place with the seasons. • They used caves and shelters and sometimes built tents to stay in when moving from campsite to campsite after gathering food.
Input • Hunter-gatherers lived a simple culture, or way of life. • Most of their time was spent looking for food. • Women usually gathered fruit, grains, seeds, and nuts. • They collected eggs, honey, and caught small animals like lizards or fish. • For medicine they also picked herbs. • Men started off hunting small animals and when their skills improved they caught large animals such as deer.
Input • A late Stone Age group called the Neanderthals appeared in Europe and parts of Asia 200,000 years ago. • Their name comes from the Neander Valley in present-day Germany, where their fossil remains were first found. • First people to bury their dead. • Buried the body with food and tools. • Believed in life after death.
Input • Modern Humans • Last group of humans. • Scientific name for this group is Homo sapiens which means wise people. • First modern humans • Just like the Neanderthals but were taller and more athletic. • They had a powerful new tool-complex language.
Input • Language • Modern humans could better communicate their ideas. • They could organize a hunt or pass knowledge to the younger ones in the group. • Words and symbols gave them an advantage to survive. • For thousands of years Neanderthals and Modern Humans lived near each other, but the Neanderthals eventually disappeared.
Checking for Understanding • 1. What new skills did the early humans develop during the Stone Age? • A. How to use stone tools. • B. How to use fire. • C. How to look for food. • D. Both A and B. • Answer • D
Checking for Understanding • 2. What new advantage did modern humans develop? • A. The wheel. • B. Complex language skills. • C. Complex hunting skills. • D. New means of survival. • Answer • B
Checking for Understanding • 3. When did modern humans appear? • A. 100,000 years ago. • B. 10,000 years ago. • C. 1,000,000 years ago. • D. 1, 000 years ago. • Answer • A
Guided Practice/ Independent Practice • Guided Practice: Check your Progress • Comprehension and Critical Thinking • #1 A and B • #2 A and B • When you are done put your pencil in the air. Ms. Graham will give you a stamp to move to Independent Practice. • Independent Practice • Imagine you are stranded on an uninhabited island. What kind of problems would you encounter that are similar to the early humans? • COMPLETE SENTENCES!
