Changes in technology 1914 - 1936

1. Changes in technology1914 - 1936

2. WWI WWII The type 96 was the main light machine gun used by the Japanese in WWII. It was used as a defensive gun and was usually mounted on a tri-pod. It was used on island in the pacific so it had to be easy to clean and made of a rust proof weapon so as not to rust in the humid environment of the pacific islands. It was also light weight weapon so as it could easily be carried from place to place while they advanced. There was the ‘Maxim’ Machine gun that used the 303 rifle rounds. This was developed and used before and during WWI. It was mainly used by the British and their allies before the war broke out. It was the precursor to the other ‘Maxims’ and the ‘Vickers’. It was used during trench warfare and some people even say that this gun was the thing that started the ‘Dead lock’.

3. Now days The M249 is one of the best light machine guns available today with the ability to fire 750 rounds per minute. It is one of the most common machine guns with at least 2 in most units of the US army. It effective from a range of up to 800 meters. It is not one of the newest and most popular guns in the military forces but it is one of the best.

5. 2 Types of Planes 2. Ground Attack Aircrafts • Attacks targets on the ground • Fly’s low • Extremely hazardous • Very accurate • Bombs are dropped at the front of the opponents forces • Rather than planned, like fighter aircrafts, bombs are dropped during the battle • Short take off and landing capabilities • Used at night • High Fighter Aircrafts • Attacks opponents aircrafts • The pilot is well known to drop bombs • Fast, small and easy to drive • Can easily locate enemy forces • Flown around renaissance forces

6. How Have the Planes Improved? • High Fighter Aircrafts: • Engine power was limited at first, but slowly grew • More weapons/ explosives could be carried onboard in 1938 - more space • Ground Attack Aircrafts: • Navigation ability was improved • Improved life expectancy by adding a cockpit (one seater, titanium, large, bulletproof bubble = good vision

7. Evolution of Tanks A tank is a tracked, armored fighting vehicle designed for front-line combat which combines operational mobility and tactical offensive and defensive capabilities By: Sarig Cohen

8. Two Ways Tanks were used 1st use- Tanks were used to try to convert the trench warfare into a more open battle. The British used tanks because they could travel on more heavy terrain. 2nd use- Tanks were powerful and strong they carried loads such as ammunition or medical supplies to the infantry. Sometimes even carrying a group of soldiers.

9. Tanks during WW1 were much slower and unreliable than the tanks during WW2. Often the tanks on the battlefield would break down, get stuck in the mud, fall in a wide trench or the caterpillar belt would come off. Comparison of Tanks in WW1 and WW2

10. The navy of all sides of the WW1 participants increased dramatically because it was believed that who ever owned the seas could control the trade Navy HMS Dreadnought HMS Dreadnought was a battleship of the British Royal Navy that changed naval power when it was created in 1906. Dreadnought became an icon of navel power having an entire line named after it. As well as making pre-generations of ships known as "pre-dreadnoughts". Battle cruisers Originally used as a large and powerful armoured cruiser used to protect trade, supporting in battles.  They were the same size as battleships and with a similar main armament, but less firepower, they had much weaker armour but could move faster. Destroyers They were a larger, faster type of boat with large amounts of gun armament. They were designed to destroy torpedo boats. During WW1 were used for many roles including convoy escort, patrol, offensive torpedo attacks etc.

11. World war 2 • HMS Dreadnought-was not used for WW2 they were sold for scraps or used as targets. • Battle cruisers- were a type of ship so they were just given better technology. • Destroyers- Also were a type of ship so increased in effectiveness with the technology that was implemented between WW1 and WW2

12. New way of fighting • All Empires developed submarines before and during WWI • Submarines were used for intelligence (gather information) as well as sinking enemy ships Submarines in WWI

13. HMS/m E9 • British submarine • Started to operate in the beginning of the war • Operated in the Baltic • sank many German ships • It was so successful that the Germans named the Baltic “Horton’s sea” after the Submarine’s commander

14. U 33 • German submarine • Started to operate before the war started • Operated in the English channel • Sank many British ships • Was sunk by the British in 1918 • Still threatens ships because it is fully armed with bombs.

15. Comparison • The submarines had developed between WWI and WWII, the submarines became: • Faster • More powerful • Larger • Equipped with more advanced technology like sonar and radars.

16. Gas Masks from WWI to WWII A gas mask is a mask like device containing or attached to a component that filters the air inhaled by the wearer through charcoal and chemicals, for protecting the face and lungs against noxious gases and fumes, as in warfare or in certain industrial processes. • By: Thomas Stanford

17. WWI Gas Masks • When gas begun to be used as a weapon, the defense didn’t have any equipment to help them • Eventually, goggles were made and respirators was brought in to fight against gas • finally all in one gas masks were made to cover the face, eyes, mouth, with a filter • Gas Masks were also made for animals but they didn’t cover the eyes Gas masks were needed because gasses such as chlorine, disphosgene, and phosgene caused severe breathing difficulties Benzyl bromide caused eyes to water Dichlorethylsulfide burned and blistered the skin, causing temporary blindness and if inhaled flooded the lungs

18. WWII Gas Masks • WWII gas masks didn’t differ much from the gas masks used in WWI • The only difference was that the canvas was replaced with rubber and disinfectant was used • Gas masks didn’t change much from WWI to WWII just the addition of rubber. • The evolution of gas masks happened during WWI

19. The usage of Gas during WW1 By Phil Biochemical warfare and the search for mass destruction Through the final stages of world war 1, involved countries were coming up with ever new ways of mass destruction. The goal was to discover methods that would minimize the use of soldiers and yet be powerful and destructive weapons on the battlefields. Early ideas included airplane bombing. Soon however, a new and more destructive method was used, biochemical warfare was discovered.

20. The beginning of the gasage Quick and necessary responses Shattering of morals • The obvious response was that the allies also used poison gas in battle. Already the first theories of world destruction through biochemical warfare zooming through the public who were even more terrified by this new development. It was quickly obvious that this trend of mass destruction could not be continued. However, it did. This kind of warfare was unethical, however, it was also effective although there were relatively few casualties on each side. • Armies quickly produced gas masks that gave protection as long as sufficient warning was given of a gas attack. However, the attacks still killed many soldiers and harmed the environment and diverse ecosystems in ways that could not be comprehended. Although gas was stilled used throughout much of the war, and governments came to a silent agreement that mass slaughtering was not the way of their warfare Gas was the technology of future. It could wipe out whole battalions and strike the enemy heavily and unexpectedly. Poison gas (chlorine) was used for the first time at the Second Battle of Ypres in April 1915. The gas was used by the Germans to effectively eliminate the French and Algerian lines.

21. Developmental euphoria It was the first time that chemical warfare was used in warfare. This relatively harmless display of the power of science brought with it great imaginary power and riddles to solve for generations to come. It was like all else in war: Destructive, death bringing and at the end of all days pointless.

22. References MACHINE GUNS • http://www.grantsmilitaria.com/militariaphotos/militaria_images.asp?key=375 • http://www.wwiiguns.com/store/product_details.php?p=83 • http://www.nebraskahistory.org/images/exhibits/national_guard/rodriguez/gunner.jpg • http://www.army.mil/factfiles/equipment/individual/m249.html PLANES • (n.d.). In World War 1. Retrieved Aug. 25, 2010, from http://library.thinkquest.org/J0110426/wwI/ww1.html • (2009, Sept. 27). In World War One Aeroplanes. Retrieved Aug. 25, 2010, from http://www.ww1aeroplanesinc.org/types-of-aircraft-duri... • (n.d.). In History of Airplanes. Retrieved Aug. 25, 2010, from http://library.thinkquest.org/J0112389/airplanes.htm • (2009, Aug. 22). In First World War. Retrieved Aug. 25, 2010, from http://www.firstworldwar.com/airwar/groundattack.htm • (n.d.). In Airforce. Retrieved Aug. 25, 2010, from http://www.airforce-technology.com/projects/a-10/ SUBMARINES • http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/british_submarines_1900_to_1918.htm • http://firstworldwar.cloudworth.com/submarines-of-ww1.php • http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-476066/The-ghost-U-Boat-33-German-sub-sunk-1918-threatening-surface-Channel.html • http://uboat.net/wwi/boats/?boat=33 • http://www.battleships-cruisers.co.uk/d+eclass.htm#E 9 • http://entertainment.webshots.com/photo/2165790610101613328DYxMJj • http://airlandseaweapons.devhub.com/blog/530536-the-e-class-submarine/ • http://adjunct.diodon349.com/us_subs/dbf_photos/guppy_submarines_internal_photos_dbf.htm