DRAWL OF MINE SAMPLES AND MITIGATION MEASURES FOR IMPACT OF MINING ON ENVIRONMENT

1. DRAWL OF MINE SAMPLES AND MITIGATION MEASURES FOR IMPACT OF MINING ON ENVIRONMENT By By ENGR. MUHAMMAD KHALID PERVAIZPRESIDENT INSTITUTE OF MINING ENGINEERS PAKISTAN ENGR. MUHAMMAD KHALID PERVAIZPRESIDENT INSTITUTE OF MINING ENGINEERS PAKISTAN

3. The earth planet on which we live is subjected to various wears and tears weathering agents • The pollution’s are being added progressively with the time to make the earth ecologically spoil, more vulnerable to distraction • The depletion, dilution and pollution of resources are making the life less comfortable and tending the people to be more careful for their survival. • The impact of mining which were not visible in the past are becoming more prominent and threatening to the social dimensions of the population.

4. The most environmental problems are over population, depletion of resources, pollution, equitable changes and wars. • With the ever growing awareness about environment the much high challenges are ahead for the mining to adopt mitigating measures. • universally accepted principals are • Safe use and • Pollutant pays • Pollution prevention; will be diligently adopted

5. The degree of inputs for developing awareness about environmental pollution are more indicated in rural population. • The Coal Mining in Sindh ,Balochistan ,Nwfp &Punjab is mostly underground, therefore the solid waste disposal and water contamination is the major challenge of the mine operators to safeguard environmental degradations. • The Triangle of rights:- • The workers have the right to earn and safety. • The public at large has the right for safe environments.

6. The employer has the right to exploit minerals • Mining has peculiar nature of hazards constant monitoring on identified areas provides safeguards to the stake holders. • Such monitoring is done by the provincial inspectorate but impact of mining on environment is mandated to EPA

7. UNDERGROUND MINING

9. Surface Mining QUARRYING

10. Mine Effluents

11. SOLID WASTES

12. PERCEPTION OF MINING BY ENVIRONMENTALISTS

13. ACOUSTICS (NOISE) MITIGATION MEASURES • Limit noisy activities (including blasting) to the least noise-sensitive times of day (weekdays only between 7 a.m. and 10 p.m.). • All equipment should have sound-control devices no less effective than those provided on the original equipment. Muffle and maintain all construction equipment used. • Notify nearby residents in advance when blasting or other noisy activities are required. • Whenever feasible, schedule different noisy activities (e.g., blasting and earthmoving) to occur at the same time, since additional sources of noise generally do not add a significant amount of noise. That is, less-frequent noisy activities would be less annoying than frequent less-noisy activities. • To the extent feasible, route heavy truck and rail traffic supporting mining activities away from residences and other sensitive receptors.

14. AIR QUALITY MITIGATION MEASURES • Mitigation measures to avoid or reduce air quality impacts from coal mining. • Use dust abatement techniques on unpaved, un-vegetated surfaces to minimize airborne dust and during earthmoving activities, prior to clearing, before excavating, backfilling, compacting, or grading, and during blasting. • Post and enforce speed limits to reduce airborne fugitive dust from vehicular traffic.

15. Re-vegetate disturbed areas as soon as possible after disturbance. (This should include interim re-vegetation along road beds once heavy construction is completed and heavy mining equipment has been moved in.) • Keep soil and coal refuse moist while loading into dump trucks. • Keep soil and coal refuse loads below the freeboard of the truck. • Minimize drop heights when loaders dump soil and coal refuse into trucks.

16. Tighten gate seals on dump trucks. • Cover dump trucks before traveling on public roads. • Cover construction materials, stockpiled soils, and stockpiled coal refuse if they are a source of fugitive dust. • Train workers to handle construction materials and debris to reduce fugitive emissions. • Employ water injection or rotoclones on all overburden drills. • Use chutes, drapes, or other means to enclose conveyor transfer points, screens, and crushers; cover all conveyors. • Install and use sprays of water for coal-handling and conveying equipment. • Suppress and extinguish spoil and coal fires as soon as is reasonable and safely possible.

17. ENVIRONEMNTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT • Physical Environments • Water Resources • Land Resources • Biological Environments • Flora • Fauna • Socio-EconomicHuman Environments • Socio • Economic • EIA PROCEDURE • Sufficient Positive Impacts • Negative Impacts

18. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND EVALUATION REHABILITATION /DEVELOPMENT PLAN 1. Recycling of Overburden/Cycling waste 2. Control of erosion and runoff. 3. Upbringing of natural habitats and ecosystem. 4. Observance of the NEQS. 5. Extensive Tree plantation.

19. Overall Assessment of Environmental Impacts

20. Identification and Assessment of Negative Impacts

21. MITIGATION MEASURES AND IMPLEMENTING AGENCIES