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A deoxyribozyme-based molecular automaton Milan N Stojanovic & Darko Stefanovic Nature Biotechnology, Sept. 2003. 인지과학 협동과정 이 은 석 2004. 11. 20. Tic-Tac-Toe. X. O. X. X. O. O. X. MAYA Implementation. M olecular A rray of Y ES and A NDANDNOT Gates
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A deoxyribozyme-based molecular automaton Milan N Stojanovic & Darko Stefanovic Nature Biotechnology, Sept. 2003 인지과학 협동과정 이 은 석 2004. 11. 20.
Tic-Tac-Toe X O X X O O X
MAYA Implementation • Molecular Array of YES and ANDANDNOT Gates • 3x3 wells, 24 deoxyribozymes in 9 wells • Automata: 2 YES gates, 2 AND gates, 19ANDANDNOT gates • E6: an RNA-cleaving deoxyribozyme (activating or inhibiting the enzyme) • Logic gate = Enzyme : Output = Fluorescent product
Basic concept of deoxyribozyme-based logic gate M. N. Stojanovic, et al. JACS 2002, 124, 3555
YES gate M. N. Stojanovic, et al. JACS 2002, 124, 3555
NOT gate M. N. Stojanovic, et al. JACS 2002, 124, 3555
Input Oligonucleotides i1-i4, i6-i9 M. N. Stojanovic & D. Stefanovic, Nat. BioT.Sept. 2003
Game Tree for TTT M. N. Stojanovic & D. Stefanovic, Nat. BioT.Sept. 2003
Corresponding Boolean Formulas M. N. Stojanovic & D. Stefanovic, Nat. BioT.Sept. 2003
Schematic Representation M. N. Stojanovic & D. Stefanovic, Nat. BioT.Sept. 2003
Representative Game Board J. J. Tabor & A. D. Ellington Nat. BioT.Sept. 2003
Features • An analogy: digital logic circuits in computers, or enzymes in metabolic circuits • No autonomous play dynamic game before the present work (without human controlling) • Not in massively parallel fashion: a substrate of one gate can be the input of another • Not necessarily in one tube for all • Shed light on?: genetic, regulatory and metabolic systems networks or in vivo computation networks and cells with engineered properties (using stem loops)
References • Milan N Stojanovic & Darko Stefanovic, A deoxyribozme-based molecular automaton, Nature Biotechnology, vol.21 no.9 Sept. 2003. • Milan N. Stojanovic, Tiffany Elizabeth Mitchell, & Darko Stefanovic, Deoxyribozyme-Based Logic Gates, JACS, 124, 3555, 2002. • Jeffrey J Tabor & Andres D Ellington, Playing to win at DNA computation, Nature Biotechnology, vol.21 no.9 Sept. 2003.