Digital library technology trends

1. Digital library technology trends Prof. Dr. Kalyankumar Datta Professor, Electrical Engineering Dept Coordinator, Centre for Digital Library and Documentation Jadavpur Univeristy

2. Introduction • Current age is an age of lifelong learning • The library, historically a cornerstone of scholarly endeavour, is expanding itself to cope with the newer demands using the technological development in communication technology • Library is not limited to a building where printed books are stored but evolving into an electronic portal to a growing global collection of digital Content. • The library is now accessible 24 x 7 from anywhere. Prof. Dr. Kalyankumar Datta, Jadavpur University

3. Laws of Library Science (Ranganathan : 1931) • Books are for use • Books are for all • Save the time of the reader • Library is a growing mechanism Prof. Dr. Kalyankumar Datta, Jadavpur University

4. New Laws of Library Science (Crawford and Gorman : 1995) • Libraries serve humanity • Respect all forms by which knowledge in communicated. • Free access to knowledge • Use technology intelligently to enhance service • Honor the past and create the future. Prof. Dr. Kalyankumar Datta, Jadavpur University

5. Library as an Information Ecology • System of people, practices, values, technologies within an environment • Information accessible to all • Respond to changes in environment Prof. Dr. Kalyankumar Datta, Jadavpur University

6. Digital Library Definition (Wikipedia August 2005) • A digital library comprises digital collections, services and infrastructure to support lifelong learning, research, scholarly communication and preservation. Prof. Dr. Kalyankumar Datta, Jadavpur University

7. Library, the changing scenario • Technological progress has changed how libraries do their work not why. But technology will not substantially alter the business of librarians – connecting people with information • Librarians may discover that “Libraries without walls” are actually only libraries with new walls – technologically bounded, legally restricted and administratively hamstrung. Prof. Dr. Kalyankumar Datta, Jadavpur University

8. Digital Library • Supports full cycle of information • Creation, dissemination, use and preservation • Access to evolving collection • Evaluated and organized information • Personalized systems • Library services • Melding of activities—collection,services and people Prof. Dr. Kalyankumar Datta, Jadavpur University

9. Library User Categorization • Difficult to categorize • Subject Interest variation • Variation in Technical abilities • Different cognitive styles • Different personalities • Different cultural background Prof. Dr. Kalyankumar Datta, Jadavpur University

10. Library Today • Today’s library includes tools with which the user can • Gain access to the holdings of libraries worldwide through automated catalogues. • Locate both physical and digital versions of scholarly articles and books. • Optimize searches, simultaneously search the Internet, Commercial databases and library collections. • Save search results and conduct additional processing to narrow or qualify results. • From search results, click through to access the digitized content or locate additional terms of interest. • Customize his/her information request so that the search results reflect individual needs and preferences. Prof. Dr. Kalyankumar Datta, Jadavpur University

11. Digital Library today (cont.) • Digital Library is not just a multimedia information repository. • Digital library components must be tailored to capture, encode and deliver information according to the standard practices adopted by the library industry. Prof. Dr. Kalyankumar Datta, Jadavpur University

12. New role of Digital Library • Economic, social and cultural pressures are forcing educational/Research institutes to transform themselves to become a “Knowledge enterprise” to satisfy the expectations of the users. • Growth of Communication Technology made possible to integrate Web enabled education with digital library and made it available to distance education students. This has opened a new era of teaching learning mechanism. Prof. Dr. Kalyankumar Datta, Jadavpur University

13. Digital Library Technology • Digital library delivers media components through web-services matching media content to user context in a way that provides a customized, personalized experience. Media content includes elements of interactivity. Context includes such information as the identity and location of the user. • Several key technologies must interact to allow Web Services to work. Extensible Markup Language (XML) and Standard General Markup Language (SGML) are important standards influencing our ability to create broadly interoperable Web-based applications. Prof. Dr. Kalyankumar Datta, Jadavpur University

14. Standards • The primary standards powering Web-services are XML based. These include • Simple object Access Protocol (SOAP) • Universal Description, Discovery & Integration (UDDI) • Web Services Description Language (WSDL) • Electronic Business XML (ebXML) Prof. Dr. Kalyankumar Datta, Jadavpur University

15. Building Digital Library • Building Digital library involves many challenges in organizing, managing and maintaining the digital library environment. • Custom development has been predominant means of constructing digital libraries because off–the–self solution is either not available or may not directly fit the requirement of the user. • Custom development provides • High degree of assurance that the design system will closely fit the specific user requirements facility for future development. It is completely controllable and predictable. • The cost of development and maintenance is high. Prof. Dr. Kalyankumar Datta, Jadavpur University

16. Packaged Solutions for Digital Library • Endeavour Information System has introduced its digital library offering EN Compass (March 2001). • Ex Libris introduced by Digitool (October 2001) • Sirsi has a digital library offering called “Hyperion Digital Media Archive”. • VTLS developed Virta integrated Library System • Artesia Technologies is a generalized multimedia management system vendor targeting the Library Market. Artesia’s TEAMS is used by Standford University. • Dspace • Greenstone • Fedora • Koha Prof. Dr. Kalyankumar Datta, Jadavpur University

17. Digital Library Development • First guiding principle for development of digital libraries in higher education is to create scholarly value by exploring the distinctive features of the technology. • Create collections of coherence and integrity • Protect and foster an intellectual commons for scholarly and educational uses. • Be realistic about costs, especially the cost of distributing content and sustaining on-going operations. Prof. Dr. Kalyankumar Datta, Jadavpur University

18. Principles for building Digital Libraries • Expect change • Know your content • Involve right people • Design usable systems • Be aware of data rights • Automate whenever possible • Adopt and adhere to standards • Ensure quality • Be concerned about persistence Prof. Dr. Kalyankumar Datta, Jadavpur University

19. Information Exploration • Our ability to generate and collect digital information continues to grow faster than our means to organize, manage, and effectively use it. • The effective use of data and information resources must scale with their ever-increasing abundance and variety. Prof. Dr. Kalyankumar Datta, Jadavpur University

20. Technological Challenges • Major progress has been made in indexing, searching, streaming, analyzing, summarizing and interpreting multimedia data but still more remains to be done. • Information Retrieval in Indian Language • Systems for information access, delivery and presentation are in continual state of catch up as they scale to the ever increasing generative capabilities of sensor networks and related information sources. Prof. Dr. Kalyankumar Datta, Jadavpur University

21. Technological Challenges II • Increasing demands are being placed on knowledge access, creation, use and discovery across disciplines and on content interpretation across linguistic, cultural and geographical boundaries. • The real challenge is to build systems supporting scholarly inquiry and communication that yield new capabilities and capacities so effectively and efficiently that they were intuitive and transparent in their operation. Prof. Dr. Kalyankumar Datta, Jadavpur University

22. Digital Library in Future • As data, information and knowledge play increasingly central roles in personal, organizational and social practices the next phase of digital library research should focus on • Increasing the scope and scale of information resources and services. • Employing context at the individual, community and social levels to improve performance. • Developing algorithms and strategies for transforming data into actionable information • Demonstrating the integration of information spaces into every day life. • Improving availability, accessibility and thereby productivity. • Use of Indian Languages for Information Retrieval. Prof. Dr. Kalyankumar Datta, Jadavpur University

23. Digital Library in Future II • Key to achieving productivity gains is reducing the human overhead required to obtain and use information. • DL offers unparallel access to information for a far broader range of users than prior physical and organizational arrangements. • Gathering, organizing, utilizing and sharing these information resources requires a scalable, interoperable infrastructure that includes embedded knowledge about services, storage repositories and content and is able to bridge context, culture and language. Prof. Dr. Kalyankumar Datta, Jadavpur University

24. An appropriate infrastructure programme • It will provide sustainability of digital knowledge resources along five dimensions: • Acquisition of new information resources • Effective access mechanisms that span media type, mode and language. • Facilities to leverage the utilization of humanitarians knowledge resources. • Assured stewardship over humanity's scholarly and cultural legacy. • Efficient and accountable management of systems services and resources. Prof. Dr. Kalyankumar Datta, Jadavpur University

25. The representational model of Information Space • It is composed of processes that mediate a continuous relationship between the itinerant user and ubiquitous information store to deliver the right information at the right time in the right format and language and within the appropriate context and at the right level of complexity and comprehensiveness. Prof. Dr. Kalyankumar Datta, Jadavpur University

26. Representational Model Cognitive Completion Interaction Transformations User Store DWIM Discovery Understanding Queries Chunking Massaging Results (Do What I Mean) Automatic Capture Collaboration Interpretive Capture Managing Personal Libraries Prof. Dr. Kalyankumar Datta, Jadavpur University

27. Interdisciplinary Digital Library Research People Creation and Preservation Presentation and Usability Applications and Use Content Technology Retrieval Prof. Dr. Kalyankumar Datta, Jadavpur University

28. Where is the wisdom we have lost in Knowledge ? Where is the knowledge we have lost information? T. S. Elliot Prof. Dr. Kalyankumar Datta, Jadavpur University

29. Digital library technology trends Prof. Dr. Kalyankumar Datta Professor, Electrical Engineering Dept Coordinator, Centre for Digital Library and Documentation Jadavpur Univeristy