Biomass Coordinating Council (BCC)

1. Biomass Coordinating Council (BCC) OVER THE TOP With Biomass Producing Biofuels, Biopower, and Biobased Products

2. BIOMASS – THE POWERFUL ENGINE THAT WILL: • Improve National, Energy and Homeland Security • Create thousands of New Basic Industries and Millions of Jobs – Could add 10%+ to US refining capacity • Reduce Trade Deficit • Enhance the Environment, Improve Public Health, and Reduced GHG Emissions • Build Bridges Between Urban and Rural Communities

3. Biomass Resources are Readily Available From: • Agriculture and Forestry Crops and Residues • Rights-of-Way, Parks, Yard and Garden Trimmings • The Biomass Fraction of Municipal Waste • Animal and Human Wastes • Aquatic Sources Including Algae Essentially an Inexhaustible Supply

4. Biomass Resources Are Producing • Biofuels Including, Ethanol, Methanol, Other Alcohols, Biodiesel, BioOils, Biogas, Landfill Gas and Renewable Hydrogen • Electricity, Cogenerated and Stand Alone Thermal Energy • Biobased Chemicals and Biobased Products – Essentially, Anything Not Made Out of Glass or Minerals Can be Made From Biomass

5. Biomass and Bioenergy – The Rising Powerhouse • World-Wide Creativity is Generating New Science and Technology to Meet the Potential of the Biorefinery Concept. • This Rapidly Rising Productivity Will Work Cooperatively With Energy Efficiency, the Other Renewable Energy Technologies and the Fossil Energy Industries. • Together, They Will Meet US Energy Needs While Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Improving the Overall Environment, Generating New Basic Industries and Jobs, and addressing national and trade deficits.

6. Minimize Economic and Political Disruptions • Work Cooperatively with Oil, Auto, Gas, Coal and Utility Industries to Transition from Heavy Carbon to Lighter Carbon Fuels and Energy Systems (Solar, Wind, Hydro, Geothermal, Biomass and Renewable Hydrogen. • Pursue a Transition Schedule that Advances Society while Reducing Pollution and GHGs and Improves Public Health.

7. Biomass -- All Systems Go • Bioethanol – 3.5 Billion Gallons, 19%/yr increase over past three years • Biodiesel – 30 million Gallons, 600%/yr increase in the past four years • Landfill and anaerobic digester gas rising too fast to keep up with data collection • Biomethanol coming on strong • Organic farming and composting on the raise – 5 to 10% annual increase over past 5 years

8. All Systems GO (Cont.) • Biooils gaining momentum • Biopower, 6.8% of nations electricity – produced and avoided -- and gaining • Biobased products, $250 million and growing rapidly • 28 Emerging technologies and advances in commercial operations – opportunities for nanotechnologies

9. Example – Low Tech • About 2 billion people use wood or animal waste (very inefficiently) to cook; • Lease solar cookers, paid for by planting and carrying for trees; • Use animal and human waste in simple digesters to produce electricity and fertilizers for trees • Sell carbon credits generated by solar cookers, growing of trees and reduced emissions from inefficient cooking when using wood and animal wastes • Economy is advanced, life improved, pollution reduced, soil enhanced, trees growing for future use, etc.

10. Example – High Tech • Pyrolize biomass, produce ammonia, hydrogen and charcoal. • Combine ammonia and charcoal to produce ammonium bicarbonate • Spray into flue gases of coal fired power plants absorb CO2, NOx and SOx • Produce high quality fertilizers, combine with charcoal and introduce into soils. • Increase production of crops and glomalin – sequestering CO2. • No CO2 emissions from coal plants.

11. Example – High Tech • Introduce low-value crop residue into ethanol plant; • Pretreat with dilute acid; • Use enzymes to convert cellulose and hemicellulose (about 2/3 of crop residue) to fermentable sugars; • Ferment to fuel grade ethanol • Use lignin (about 1/3 of process residue) to produce steam and electricity for facility

12. Example – Old/New High Tech • Fischer Tropsch (F-T), Germany, WWII and South Africa • Methanol in East Germany for past 30 years • Natural and other gases to Liquid Fuels • Biomass to gas, to clean Sun Diesel • Hybrid electric “plug in” to “smart” facility, 100 MPG on Sun Diesel

13. Example – Medium Tech • Combine soy bean or other plant oils with animal fats, used cooking oils and yellow/trap greases. • Add solvent like methanol or ethanol and catalyst like sodium hydroxide, mix, let settle and separate. • Produces Biodiesel and glycerin (a marketable product) • Add 2% biodiesel to diesel fuel to improve lubricity/emissions and 20% to significantly reduce emissions

14. Next Steps • Track and Help Coordinate progress on 28+ Biomass technologies • Highlight Importance of Reduced Dependence on Oil – National Security • Work Cooperatively with Oil, Gas, Coal, and Utilities Industries • Work to Eliminate Permitting and Licensing Delays at Local, State and Federal Levels.

15. Contact Info 2816 Claudia Court Vienna, Virginia 22180 Phone: 703-204-2344 Cell: 202-213-9581 biorefiner@aol.com Chair, New Uses Council Director, Biomass Coordinating Council www. newuses.org www.biocouncil.org Bill Holmberg