Letchumi Thannimalay Senior Researcher SIRIM Berhad

1. GHSClassification Toolkit GHS Review Conference for Southeast Asia 22nd May 2013 One World Hotel, Kuala Lumpur Letchumi Thannimalay Senior Researcher SIRIM Berhad

2. Health Hazards Oesophagus Trachea Lung Lung Heart Liver Spleen Gall bladder Stomach Kidney Kidney • Acute Toxicity • Skin corrosion/irritation • Serious eye damage / eye irritation • Skin / Respiratory sensitization • Germ cell mutagenicity • Carcinogenicity • Reproductive toxicity • Specific target organ toxicity (Single exposure) • Specific target organ toxicity (Repeated exposure) • Aspiration hazard • Tobacco • Tobacco Smoke We make businesses compete better through quality and technology innovations

3. Classification of detergent for skin irritation/corrosion Does the mixture contain one or more corrosive ingredients for which additive applies and where the sum of concentrations of ingredients classified as: Skin Category 1 ≥ 5%? Does the mixture as a whole have data/information to evaluate skin corrosion/irritation? Category 1 Danger Yes Yes No Does the mixture contain one or more corrosive or irritant ingredients for which additive applies and where the sum of concentrations of ingredients classified as: Skin Category 1 ≥ 1% but < 5%; or • Skin Category 2 ≥10%; or • (10 x Skin Category 1) + Skin Category 2 ≥10%? Classification Not Possible Category 2 Warning Yes No Classification Not Possible We make businesses compete better through quality and technology innovations

4. Classification of detergent for eye damage/ irritation Does the mixture contain one or more corrosive or irritant ingredients for which additive applies and where the sum of concentrations of ingredients classified as: Eye Category 1 ≥ 3% ; or • Skin Category 1 + EyeCategory 1: ≥3%? Mixture: Does the mixture as a whole or its ingredients have eye damage/irritation data? Category 1 Danger Yes Yes No Classification Not Possible Does the mixture contain one or more corrosive or irritant ingredients for which additivity applies, and where the sum of concentrations of ingredients classified as: • eye or skin Category 1≥ 1% but < 3% or • eye Category 2/2A ≥ 10% or • (10 x eye Category 1) + eye Category 2A/2B≥ 10% • Skin Category 1 + eye Category 1≥ 1% but < 3%, or • 10 x (Skin Category 1 + eye Category 1) + eye Category 2A/B ≥ 10% Category 2A Warning Yes We make businesses compete better through quality and technology innovations

5. GHS Toolkit • GHS Toolkit was developed to facilitate the classification and labelling of chemical mixtures for 16 physical hazards, 10 health hazards and three environmental hazards. • Contains 700 pure chemicals which were classified according to GHS. • Able to classify products/mixtures that contain large number of ingredients/chemicals such as detergent. We make businesses compete better through quality and technology innovations

6. GHS TOOLKIT • GHS Toolkit was developed according to Malaysia building block (DOSH-CLASS regulation). • The toolkit can predict the classification for the mixtures if the ingredients are available. We make businesses compete better through quality and technology innovations

7. GHS Toolkit

16. Results of Classification for Laundry Detergent

19. ADVANTAGES OF TOOLKIT • Classification of mixture will be based on the available test data for the raw materials of the mixture using concentration limits or summation method or additivity formula for the ingredients in the mixture. • Manual classifications are time consuming with a higher tendency to make mistakes. manual classifications and results from the Toolkit for Health Hazard and Environmental Hazard We make businesses compete better through quality and technology innovations

20. Validation of the GHS TOOLKIT • Using local detergent product that contains about 10 ingredients. • Experimental data were conducted (if available) for health and environmental hazards. • Manual classification were also conducted for the detergent product. • The results from the GHS Toolkit were compared with Experimental data and manual classification data. We make businesses compete better through quality and technology innovations

21. Validation of the GHS Toolkit Using Randomly Selected Mixtures for Health and Environmental Hazard

22. Validation for inhalation toxicity (100-50% ) / ATE mix = (2/5.03) +(48/6.6) ATEmix = 50/((2/5.03) +(48/6.6))= 6.5 mg/l classified as Category 3 for acute toxicity inhalation of vapours. (Category 3 is in between 2 mg/l and 10 mg/l as shown in Table 1 in Appendix 4).

23. Validation for mutagenicity

24. Validation for Mutagenicity If the mixture has more than 1% of mutagenic Category 2 raw materials then the mixture is classified as Category 2. Although the raw material in the mixture, lead chromate, only consists of 2% mutagen, the whole mixture is considered as mutagen.

25. Validation for Aquatic Toxicity (chronic toxicity) Validation of the GHS toolkit for aquatic toxicity was conducted using the mixture that contains 4,4’ Methylenedianiline 2% (category 3), disodium tetraborate anhydrous 74.5% (not classified), chloroaniline 0.5% (category 1) and methylstyrene 23% (category 2).

26. Summation method was used to classify aquatic toxicity (chronic). Step 1 Chronic 1 x M > 25% (M=1 because LC50= 0.46) (category 1 has 0.5% chemicals) 0.5% x 1 not more than 25% so it is not classified as Category 1 Step 2 (M x 10x Chronic 1) + Chronic 2 > 25% (1 x 10 x 0.5) + 23% = 28% > 25% (the mixture is classified as Category 2)

27. Thank you Any enquiries please contact letchumi@sirim.my